Theme
Economy
Tens of thousands of tablets recording cattle distributions, silver weights, temple inventories, and merchant contracts. The world's first accounting — and the reason writing exists at all.
ATU 5, pl. 013, W 6710,a
1. 1(N14) 3(N01), [commodity-sign ZATU678] — male workers (ERIM~a) 2. 1(N14), [commodity-sign ZATU678] — [sign ZATU765] 3. 5(N01), [sign ZATU718?] 4. 5(N01), woman/female (SAL) 5. 5(N01), PAP~a (supervisory/summary marker) 6. 1(N14), copper(?) (URUDU~a?) 7. 4(N14) 8(N01), [total, no commodity given]
Economy
ATU 5, pl. 071, W 9579,cc
Obverse: 2(N01), AB2 NUN~a ZATU639 LAM~b NIMGIR GU4 (2 units: cow [qualified by] NUN~a, ZATU639, LAM~b, herald, ox) 1(N01), AB2 X BA# [...] (1 unit: cow [qualified by] the unread sign X; disbursed(?) — remainder broken) 1(N01), AB2 SZE~b UNUG~a (1 unit: cow [qualified by] barley, Uruk) 4(N01), AB2# GU4 ZATU639 UNUG~a (4 units: cow(?), ox, ZATU639, Uruk)
Economy
ATU 5, pl. 077, W 9579,dv
1. 2(N34) 2(N01) — [designation:] NUN 2. 1(N34) 2(N14) — she-goats (UD5) 3. 4(N14) 9(N01) [...] — [...] wethers / castrated male sheep (UDUNITA) 4. 4(N14) 1(N01) — [designation:] NIR-UKKIN-UTUA 5. 7(N34) 3(N14) 8(N01) — sheep (UDU), disbursed (BA)
Economy
ATU 5, pl. 089, W 9656,ab
(Obverse, case 1) 1(N01) — |1(N58).BAD~a| (case 2) 1(N01) — ZATU689 (case 3) [...] — ZAG~b [...] (case 4) 1(N01) — ZATU693, UKKIN~a (case 5) 1(N01) — AK~a (case 6) 1(N01) [...] — [...] (Reverse/final case) [...] 9(N01) — [...] KU6~a NUN~b
Economy
ATU 7, pl. 018, W 19416,a
1. 2(N14) — MA (vessel/boat-sign), ZATU735~b (unidentified sign) 2. 2(N14) — GU, SIG2~b, HAŠḪUR (apple/orchard-fruit) 3. 2(N01) — DIN, GAN~c×LAGAB~b (compound field/enclosure sign) 4. 2(N01) — GAN~c×X (compound sign, second element illegible) 5. 1(N14)# — GAN~b 6. [...] GI, SAR~a׊E~a (compound sign), DA~a 7. [...] — DIN 8. 7(N01)# — MA 9. 2(N34) — HAŠḪUR (apple/orchard-fruit) 10. 2(N14) — MA, ZATU735~b 11. SAR~a׊E~a#, A#, [...]
Economy
MS 3009
(Obverse) 2(N14) , U2~b DI — 20 units of fodder/plant-material, [sign] DI 3(N14) 4(N01) , ZATU842 EN~a — 34 units of [ZATU842], (for/under) the EN (lord/high official) 2(N14) , UNUG~a — 20 units, (of/at) Uruk , — (word/entry divider) 2(N14) , SAG IB~a — 20 units, SAG-IB (a category or personnel/commodity heading) 3(N14) 2(N01) , ERIN — 32, troop-personnel/labor-gang 3(N14) , NUNUZ~a2 — 30, NUNUZ (grain/seed category) 2(N34) 3(N14) 6(N01) , KISZ GAL~a# SANGA~a# EN~a#? [...] — (large total sign) 36, total/sum(?), the great sanga-official, the EN (lord) [...broken...] (Reverse: broken/effaced by…
Economy
MS 3010
(Numerical/administrative notation tablet — proto-cuneiform, no verbal syntax; each line records a count and an associated sign-group) 1. 1(N01) — SAL ("woman"/female category) 2. 6(N01) — ŠA3~a1 (compound sign, "interior/heart"-element, uncertain commodity or institutional designation) 3. 2(N01) — NINDA2×X (compound bread/ration sign with attached qualifier) 4. 1(N01) — KUR~a, |U4×1(N57)| ("highland/foreign-land" sign together with a compound U4-numeral sign) 5. 9(N01) — X X (two signs, illegible/unidentified due to surface damage) 6. 1(N01) — DU8~c×HI(?) (compound sign, reading of the HI-el…
Economy
MS 3160
1. 5(N01), PAP~a, UZ — "5 (N01-units): PAP~a [supervisory/summary mark], UZ [commodity/bird sign]" 2. 1(N14), SI NAGA E2~b(?) — "1 (N14-unit): SI [horn(?)] NAGA [sign, uncertain] E2~b [house/storehouse, sign damaged]" 3. 4(N01), SZUBUR — "4 (N01-units): Šubur [personal name or worker-class designation]" 4. 3(N01), EZEM~c — "3 (N01-units): EZEM [festival-sign, variant c]" 5. 7(N01), PA~a — "7 (N01-units): PA~a [overseer/category mark]" 6. 4(N14) 2(N01), BARA2~a — "4 (N14-units), 2 (N01-units): BARA2~a [institutional/dais category]" 7. 6(N14), SZE~a BA ERIN — "6 (N14-units) of barley: disbursed…
Economy
MS 3171
1. 5(N01) units: sheep (UDU) — DIM(?) 2. 5(N01) units: HAL — PAP (supervisory/summary marker) 3. 5(N01) units: ŠUR — [illegible sign] 4. 4(N01) units: ZATU678(?) [undeciphered sign] 5. 3(N14) units: LAGAB×(HI×N04) [compound sign, undeciphered] 6. 4(N01) units: ZATU753 [undeciphered sign] 7. 6(N01) units: goat (MAŠ2) 8. 3(N01) units: BIR — cow (AB2) 9. 4(N01) units: GA2×NUN [compound sign, undeciphered] 10. 5(N01) units: PA — ZATU659(?) [undeciphered sign] 11. 3(N01) units: DA 12. ŠUR [no quantity given] 13. URU (settlement/city sign) — 8(N57) units
Economy
MS 4485
1(N01) , GAL ("great/large") — SZU2 ("into the hand" / receipt marker) — 3(N57) 1(N01) , GESZTU ("ear") — SZIM (aromatic/resin) — SZU ("hand") 1(N01) , SI4 (sign, meaning uncertain) 1(N01) , GAN2(?) ("field") — UR3xMASZ (compound sign, meaning uncertain) 1(N01) , SI ("horn") — UR3 (sign, meaning uncertain) 1(N01) , ZATU844 (unidentified sign) — AMAR ("calf/young animal") (damaged) — X X [...] (illegible/broken)
Economy
ATU 7, pl. 084, W 22102,5+
1. 4(N14): |GA2~a1xU4| (compound sign), (of the) courtyard, fish. 2. 2(N14): KALAM~b (land/community), small, female, fish, PAP~a (supervisor/total-marker). 3. 4(N01): fish, (for/of) the SUKKAL (vizier/minister), TE. 4. 2(N01): |GIxGISZ@t| (compound reed-wood sign). 5. 2(N01): HI (mixed), U4 (day). 6. 3(N01)# [...], [text broken/lost]. 7. 5(N01): TUR3~b (cattle-pen/byre). 8. 5(N01): HI (mixed) U4 (day), (the) GURUSZDA (animal-fattener/official). 9. 2(N01): GISZIMMAR~b1(?) (date palm). 10. 1(N01) [...], [text broken/lost].
Economy
CDLI Lexical 000030, ex. 057
1(N01), [......] X AD~a(?) 5(N01), MUNU3(?) 5(N01), GAZI 1(N01), [......] 1(N14), SUHUR 1(N14), KAR2~b 1(N01), [......] 1(N01), [......] 1(N01), X [......] 1(N01), [......] [N], [......] X
Economy
CUSAS 35, 471
[...] , [...] [...] , [...] 4 (units) , UR[?] X goat DA~a 4 (units) , [dedicated/given] 4 (units) , [overseer/person?] head [...] , [...] bird DAR~a? [...] , [...] DA~a [milk/dairy?] 4 (units) , young animal (calf?) lord/EN [distributed?] 2 (units) , storehouse? BU~a [bread-ration with fire/fuel?] [...] , [bread-ration with fire/fuel?] X X [...]
Economy
FMB 27
PA~a GU4(?) 4(N14) — NESAG~a, KI~a, EN~a, NAM2, KAB, GAR 5(N14) — GAN2, AB~a, X, EN~a(?) 3(N14) — X, AD~c(?) 3(N14) — KA~a, DU6~a 2(N50) 7(N14)(?) — GAN2, |SILA3~a×DUG~a| [X] — IB~a, MASZ, URUDU~a [X] — TUM3, DUB~b [X] — MUSZ3~a, X 2(N14) — GISZ×SZU2~a, X [...] 2(N14) — BU~a# [...] 2(N14) — X, BU~a# [...] 4(N14) — GAL~a, X, SZUBUR(?) [...]
Economy
Nisaba 25, 01
[1(N01@f)?] field#? [1(N01@f)?] sud3#-ur [= ?depressed/sunken ground? or personal name element] 1(N01@f) , u2-ma [= fodder/plant + ma?] 1(N01@f) , szul-szul [= youth/young — reduplicated] 1(N01@f)# , x [x] [signs broken/illegible] 1(N01@f) , szul#-la [= of youth/the young one] 1(N01@f) , SAL x [= woman/female + uncertain sign]
Economy
Nisaba 25, 02
[1] fleece/shearing-product(?) x-me-en [1] she-goat zur-zur x x [x] 1 goat En-kul-aba-si 1 fleece/shearing-product(?) Nanna-mud 1 fleece/shearing-product(?) Igi-gi-gi 2 goats [...]
Economy
Nisaba 25, 05
NI NI MA NI AN NA NA NI NA NI NI ŠEŠ [x] DUB [...] DUB NE AK NIM GI₄ [x] SI [...] AMA [...] DAḪ [...] DAḪ NI DUB LAL₃
Economy
Nisaba 25, 10
[...] SAR [...] UR[?] A [Pa]-bilx-[ga?] [...] SI-A[?] [Amar]-e2-gibil 1 [...] 1 SI[?] [1?] ensi
Economy
Nisaba 25, 13
[...] 1(N01@f), beer? 1(N01@f), beer? 1(N01@f), x [mountain-provenance?] 2(N01@f), [category marker?] natron/soapwort? [...] [KU?] [EREN2?] [place-marker] 1(N01@f), [...] 2(N01@f), storehouse [...] 2(N01@f), [...] barley 1(N01@f), x 2(N01@f), x
Economy
Nisaba 25, 18
x calf(ren) 1 (head), sheep — calf(ren) of the great storehouse [...] sheep like sweet nanna[x]-du10 1 (head), goat — mother of the storehouse-si 1 (head), sheep (and) she-goat — |SU3-SU3-UN|-gi4
Economy
Nisaba 25, 23
1 (unit) — [personal name: |ŠEŠE+IB|-du₁₀] 1 (unit) — Ur-ge₆ 1 (unit) — Amar-[ME]-TE 1 (unit) — Amar-nirahx 1 (unit) — Ama-ul₄-gal [1 (unit) — woman?]-alan 1 (unit) — Pa-bilx-ga 1 (unit) — Bilx-me-si 1 (unit) — Ama-GA₂-si [...broken...]
Economy
Nisaba 25, 28
2 — young [highland animal / person], Amar-nirahx, head [person/overseer?] 1 — [x x] NUNUZ [eggs/offspring/seed?] 1 — MU [...] 2 — DILMUN 2 — [...] [x x] AN [divine/celestial?] UET2_165 [...]
Economy
Nisaba 25, 32
[1 unit, ...] ŠIM (aromatic/spice?) [1 unit, ...] (name lost) [1 unit,] Amar-sar [1 unit,] Ur-[...] [1 unit,] Nanna-šul? 1 unit, DU8 ŠU [SILA3?] 1 unit, [...]-nirah 1 unit, Ama-IGI-BUR 1 unit, Ba-za 1 unit, Amar-ib [1 unit,] Nanna-[...] 1 unit, [...] PA 1 unit, x [...]
Economy
Nisaba 25, 33
[n] ga sipa-ansze 4 (units), beer (and) barley — Lugal-[...] [...] DIN 1 (unit), bread 1 (unit), vessel — Ur-ga 3 (units), TAK4; porter's (ration): barley, bread (for a) daughter 2 (units), bread (and) barley(?) 3 (units) [...] 1 (unit), vessel — Sag-ku5(!) 1 (unit) [...] 1 (unit) [...] 1 (unit) [...]
Economy
AAICAB 1/2, pl. 140, 1971-349
1. 20 gur barley (by the sag-gal₂ ["great-head"] measure) — 2. (for) the gala-priest (and) the chief carpenter; 3. 20 — Ur-e₂, the leatherworker; 4. 20 — Inim-Utu; 5. 20 — En-ane, the SIG₁₅; 6. (n, not given) — the gala, the SIG₁₅; 7. 20 — Adkup-gal (the [chief] reed-worker/mat-weaver); 8. they are the men of Nu-ira; 9. the farmer is their commissioner (maškim).
Economy
AAICAB 1/3, pl. 245, Bod S 295
2 barig beer bread (of) Akkade 2 barig groats 2 barig malt 2 barig flour 2 ban2 fine flour (for) Mama-hursag Total: 1 gur 3 barig 2 ban2 flour, by the Akkade gur-standard 2 ban2 fine flour Year 3, month 7 (ITI sign: |UDxSZE.TIL| — a locally-named month).
Economy
AAICAB 1/4, Bod S 340
1. 1 barig, 3 ban2 fine flour (zi3-sig15) of Agade (a-ga-de3) 2. 1 gur, 1 barig zi3-gu-flour 3. 3 gur dabin-flour (coarse flour) 4. 2 gur, 3 ban2(?) barley malt-flour (zi3-munu4) 5. 2 ban2 [...] AN(?) [...] (broken) 6. A(?) [......] (broken, largely illegible) 7. [......] (illegible) 8. 1 barig(?) [......] (broken) 9. 2 years, 2 months
Economy
AAS 009
2 jars of 5-ban2 beer, 2 jars of 3-ban2 beer, (for) the additional first-fruits offering (nesag diri). Total: 2 barig 4 ban2 — its barley (equivalent). 6 years, 8 months.
Economy
AAS 012
2 sheep, "chosen by the heart" (selected/designated) 1 lamb, the flank(?) of UD-ḪUB2 (uncertain term/name) 1 lamb (for) Dumuzi 1 lamb (for) Lugal-pa'e 1 sheep (for) the cook 5 lambs (for) the Abzu [1]1 sheep, (for) the diviner (maš-šu-gi4-gi4) Total: 14 sheep, 10 minus 1 (= 9) lambs — booked out (disbursed).
Economy
AAS 202
x x [...] (traces, illegible) 1 [...] kal-la(?) — (name, ending in -kalla) 1 Me-pa-x(?) — (personal name) 1 Ur-[...] — (personal name) 1 Lugal-maškim [1] Lu2-[...] — (personal name) [1] Lu2 [...] — (personal name) [...] pa-geš-[...] (traces) Its inspection was performed (gurum2-bi i3-ak). 7 years, 5 months.
Economy
MCS 4, 014 04
[...] x [...]-mu-ti [...]-te-bi-si-ir 1 gur 4 barig — [x]-ru-uk-[x] 1 gur 2 barig — In-zu 1 gur 4 barig — Ba-ru-uk-si-ir 2 gur — Aʾ-ti-ti 1 gur 4 barig — Ki-ti [n+]1 gur — [x]-im-ma [...] [star-sign] [...] [n] gur 4 barig 2 ban — barley, gur (total) [...] [x]-gar3 Overseer: Ki-ti
EconomyCT 50, 049
566 sheep, 303 female goats — confirmed on the broad tablet. 135 sheep, 12 lambs: these are sheep of the slaughter-rotation. Sheep at pasture. Year: the expedition-yoke at the drinking-hall was established.
EconomyCUSAS 11, 283
143 gur of barley — its field-area: 1 bur3. Month of Še-sag-kal, day 7. Field of Mu-nu11-mah; [Field of Gada-gar-Ib]-ni-Suen — it is (this).
EconomyLippmann Coll 001
3 [units] of finest-quality bread; 36 gu2-zi jars; 18 jars of [...]; [...] received. At the mouth of the small canal — bread disbursed. Lugal-an-dul3, chief cupbearer; Mes-ki-gal-la, governor of Adab.
EconomyLippmann Coll 004
[n ...] weaver(s) [...]... [...]-lum [...] house [...] their commissioner [...] bank of the city [n?] I-lum-gar3, scribe — An-na-šum2. 1 merchant: An-na-šum2. A garment has been issued.
EconomyLippmann Coll 006
32 + [n] sheep Adda [n +] 23 — Inim-ma-ni-zi 30 — E2-dam-si 30 — Nin-da [n +] 8 — [lu2...]-u2-[...] [remainder broken]
Economy
RTC 263
3 talents (gu2), 11 minas of wool, from/by the great stone-weight (na4-mah) — was weighed out. Deficit: 30 minas less 1 (= 29 minas) — (for) Lu-dumuzi. 3 talents, 34 minas — was weighed out. ... [...] ... (broken/illegible) wool of sheep [...] (broken) Ur-abba, the governor (ensi2). Year: "Ur-Namma the king put the road in order from the lowland to the highland."
Economy
AAICAB 1/1, pl. 059, 1924-0553
24 talents of gir-gul wool, by the weight-stone of 1 talent 1 2/3 mina each, via Šulgi-mišar; wool of the sheep-house of Tummal, from [PN]-Inanna — delivery. Nur-Suen received it. Month: "šu-eš-ša"; Year: "The throne of Enlil was fashioned."
Economy
AAICAB 1/2, pl. 093, 1935-541
16 sar 10 gin2 of bricks — (for) Agagaa, the singer/musician. 20 sar of bricks — within the hamlet (e2-duru5). 3 2/3 sar 5 gin2 — within the mill-house (e2-kikken-na) — (for) the boatman. Bricks carried, as reckoned (szid-da). [...] Umani — via [conveyor?]. Month: 'e2-iti-6' (month 6). Year: 'the throne of Enlil was fashioned.'
Economy
AAICAB 1/1, pl. 055, 1923-427
15 kaskal-...[broken] 7 doves (tu-gur8) delivered into the palace, from Lugal-ku3zu, via ...[PN broken], under seal of Ur-[Šul]-pa-e3. Month: Dal. Year: 'The throne of Enlil was fashioned.' (Seal:) Ur-Šulpa-e3, scribe, son of Lugal-ku3ga-[ni].
Economy
AAICAB 1/1, pl. 059, 1924-0555
2 lambs, the 28th day; from Abba-saga — Intaea took in charge (received them). Month: extra month, following the festival of Me-ki-gal; Year: "the throne of Enlil was fashioned" (Šu-Suen year 5). 2 (total).
Economy
AAS 048
1 milch cow, 1 milk[-fed] ox, (1) calf of a draft ox — via Abbagina, the herdsman, a courier received (them). Year: Harshi and Kimaš were destroyed.
Economy
AAS 024
[2 eše] 3 iku of field — tug2-gur bundling work, [at a rate of] ½ iku [+] ¼ iku per [worker-day]; for rafter-wood work, times 3, [at a rate of] 4 iku ½ iku per [worker-day] — [The labor] of the workers thereof: 150 days. [The field:] KWU729-x-[…]. [Overseer:] Šeš?-[…]. [Sealed by] Ur-emah. Year after Šu-Suen, [the king], built the Martu (Amorite) wall. Ur-emah, scribe, son of Dada.
Economy
Šulgi 96 / CDLI Seals 005318 (CDLI Seals 005318 (composite))
Seal impression of a military governor of Uruk and Dēr attesting the administrative hierarchy binding provincial officials to the Ur III crown under Šulgi.
EconomyAuOr 31, 232 01
2 billy-goats (mature male goats), 1 milk-fed lamb, (booked as) slaughtered, day 12, from Nalu, Ur-nigar received. Month: "Ubi-feast" (iti u5-bi2-gu7), Year: "the throne of Enlil was fashioned" (Amar-Suena year 2).
EconomyMVN 05, 027
1/2 (unit): Lugal-nig-lagare; from month: “Harvest” (iti sze-sag11-ku5); 1 (unit): the field(?) of Balula; month: “Dumuzi”; year: “the throne of Enlil was fashioned”; 1/2 (unit): Ur-Utu; 1/2 (unit): Ur-sisa; from month: “Harvest” (iti sze-sag11-ku5); year: “En-mahgalana was installed”; from Lugal-muma’ag; Lu-kalla took in charge (received); Lu-kalla, the scribe, son of Ur-e’e, the cattle-manager (šušš3).
EconomyNisaba 17, 005a-d
7 gur barley (royal measure) — flour, for KA (rations?) — barley of the šuku-rations, was withdrawn (booked out) from the granary of the cultivated land (uru11) — Lu-saga received (it), for the workers of the various shrines. Month: "Harvest" (sze-sag11-ku5). Year: "The throne of Enlil was fashioned."
EconomyKress 240
7 1/2 shekels of su’a(?)-wool, a royal nig-daga (consignment/delivery) from Šulgi-mišar, Ilabunigadu received; within Puzriš-Dagan. Month: 'šah-ku-gu7' (piglets-devoured), Year following the year: 'The throne of Enlil was fashioned.'
Economy
MS 1739/1
1 royal gur of barley, corresponding to 1 1/4 shekels of silver, from Katar — Puzur-Haya received (it). Witness: Ur-dukuga. Witness: Puzur-<Ha>ya. Month: 'extra month, Harvest' (intercalary). Year: 'the throne of Enlil was fashioned.' (second entry, reverse) 1 gur of barley [...] for/in the amount of [...] Witness: Puzur-[...] Month: 'extra month, Harv[est]' Year: 'the thro[ne ...']
Economy
TLB 05, 10
1 naḫbatum (leather bag/pouch), royal ka-kara4 (leather strap/gear) — sheep hide, ram(?)-hide, its black (portion): 9; its cord/sinew: 5 shekels. 8 shoes (with) hoof-fittings(?), royal ka-kara4, 1 (or) 2 each. Ox hide, its tanning-agent (u2-ḫab2): 5 shekels. Billy-goat hide, its black (portion): 2/3. 3 baskets of gug2-cake (bread); its bitumen: 5 sila. For the offering of the granary. Via Ur-alla and Iddin-Adad, the cook; overseer: Anaḫ-ili. Day [n]. Month: NE-NE-gar. Year: Išbi-Erra, the king, defeated Šimaški and Elam. Copy (gaba-ri).
EconomyAbi-sare 2005 / CDLI Seals 012800 (CDLI Seals 012800 (composite))
(1) ..., the scribe, child of Lu-Ninšubur, the temple administrator of Ningal, is the slave of Abi-sare.
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2003
(1) Šamšī-[Adad (I)], appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of the god Aššur: Amaduga, his female servant.
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2004
(1) Šamšī-[Adad (I)], appointee of [the god Enlil], vice-regent of the god [Aššur]: [Ya]matti-[El, his] servant.
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2005
(1) Šamšī-[Adad (I)], appointee of the god [Enlil], vice-regent of the god Aššur: Yaḫuzānum, son of Zamāmu, his servant.
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2006
(1) Šamšī-[Adad (I)], strong king. Ammī-iluna, son of Irra-i[...], his servant.
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2007
(1) Yattiya, son of Samsī-malik, servant of Šamšī-Adad (I).
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2008
(1) [Ya]matti-[El], son of Ḫata ..., servant of [Ša]mšī-Ad[ad (I)].
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2009
(1) Tarim-š[akim], servant of Šamšī-[Adad (I)].
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2010
(1) Umannisuṭa, son of Idin-[...], servant of Šamšī-[Adad (I)].
EconomyŠamši-Adad I 2011
(1) Adad-saga, son of Ḫaziya, servant of Šamšī-[Adad (I)].
EconomyAminu 2001
(1) Rībam-ilī, scribe, servant of Aminu.
EconomySargon I 1 / CDLI Seals 003474
(1) The divine Sargon (I), vice-regent of the god Aššur, son of Ikūnum, vice-regent of the god Aššur.
Economy
CDLI Seals 001363 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC) ?) — CDLI Seals 001363 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 001370 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC)) — CDLI Seals 001370 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 001376 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC) ?) — CDLI Seals 001376 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 001508 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC) ?) — CDLI Seals 001508 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 001510 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC) ?) — CDLI Seals 001510 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLJ 2010/1 §6.01
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC)) — CDLJ 2010/1 §6.01. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
CDLJ 2010/1 §6.05
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC)) — CDLJ 2010/1 §6.05. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
CDLJ 2010/1 §6.06
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC)) — CDLJ 2010/1 §6.06. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
CDLJ 2010/1 §6.07
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC)) — CDLJ 2010/1 §6.07. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
Fs T. Özgüç 518
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC)) — Fs T. Özgüç 518. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
CBS 11778
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — CBS 11778. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 001335 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — CDLI Seals 001335 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 001350 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — CDLI Seals 001350 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 001364 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — CDLI Seals 001364 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLI Seals 012647 (physical)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — CDLI Seals 012647 (physical). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
HSS 13, 002
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — HSS 13, 002. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
HSS 13, 004
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — HSS 13, 004. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
HSS 13, 026
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — HSS 13, 026. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
HSS 13, 028
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — HSS 13, 028. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
HSS 13, 034
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — HSS 13, 034. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
HSS 13, 037
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — HSS 13, 037. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
HSS 13, 038
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)) — HSS 13, 038. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 079, 02
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — OIP 079, 02. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
Assur 2/4, 02, pl. 1 MAH 15854
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Assur 2/4, 02, pl. 1 MAH 15854. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
Assur 2/4, 03-07, pl. 2 MAH 16086
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Assur 2/4, 03-07, pl. 2 MAH 16086. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
Assur 2/4, 08, pl. 1 MAH 16130 + MAH 16542
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Assur 2/4, 08, pl. 1 MAH 16130 + MAH 16542. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
Berlin 066
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Berlin 066. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLB 2014/002
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — CDLB 2014/002. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
CUSAS 34, 046
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — CUSAS 34, 046. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CUSAS 34, 064
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — CUSAS 34, 064. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
Fs Van Lerberghe 273-275, 278
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Fs Van Lerberghe 273-275, 278. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Daily LifeEconomy
Iraq 35, pl. 13 (no. 1)
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Iraq 35, pl. 13 (no. 1). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
Iraq 62, 048 JRL 1055
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Iraq 62, 048 JRL 1055. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
Iraq 62, 049 JRL 1064
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Middle Assyrian (ca. 1400-1000 BC)) — Iraq 62, 049 JRL 1064. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
SAA 15 042. Feeding Hittite Deportees (ABL 1082)
[To the king, my] lord, your servant [NN]: / [May there be] well-being for the king, my lord. [Concerning] / the Hittites whom the king, my lord, [sent word to me about]: / 'You wrote to me, saying: the previous [rations] / of barley that were stored, x+[...] / have been issued — [...] / that was tallied before them [...] / I asked him — why [...] / the previous ones ate x+[...] / that to the king, my lord, [...] / their mouth(s) [...] / [I] wrote [...] / [...] x+[...] BÁN [...] / [...] ...[...]'
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 15 072. Adda-rami and Horses (CT 53 606)
[To the king], my [lord]: [your servant, Bel]-eriba(?). [Good health to] the king, my [lord]! […] Adda-rami […] brother(s)/allies […]… [… the king], my lord […] […]… […] they shut, they went out/took… […] which I took. […] they brought (it) by the road/on campaign. [… tr]uly, now […] horses […] 3 horses […] concerning 3 horses […] they became frightened / bolted. […]… […] (broken off)
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 15 105. Horses and Recruitment Officers of Calah (ABL 0127)
To the king, my lord: your servant Mannu-ki-Ninua ('Who-is-like-Nineveh'). Good health to the king, my lord! Let the royal bodyguard officer place (the recruits) at the disposal of the scribe (and) at the disposal of the recruitment officers; let them take their men and hand them over. The king, my lord, knows that the horses under my charge are dying. Let the king send me quickly one [of] their mules, for my use. As for the trainee grooms who came with me, I have placed them at the disposal of the recruitment officers. If the king, my lord, wishes to take charge of (conscript) them — the r…
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 17 083. Pardoning the Offences of Borsippa (ABL 1076)
With [......] the king, my lord [......], one [......], as many as there are, let me investigate [their] gui[lt]. Those whose guilt is mi[nor, let him grant them] mercy, and let him be counted among [his loyal servants], and let him be entrusted to the king's guard. The men of Borsippa [......] enjoy kidinnu-privilege (protected status). Because of [his] guilt they forgave him; as long as he lives [he shall bless them], and he shall not commit another offence. The king, your father, said to Rimūtu as follows: 'The šatammu (temple-overseer) [......], his ... is dead [......] [......] [......].'
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 17 090. Watch of Ekur and Nippur (CT 54 011)
[Tablet of the treasurer (GÚ.EN.NA)] [to] the king, his lord. [Go]od health to the king, my lord! May the great gods of Ekur and Nippur cause your hand to achieve whatever you have planned! Concerning the matter about which the king wrote, saying: '[To] Akanna, son of NN, [...] appoint (him) at [my] service' — (and) saying: 'Let the guard be made strong, and let the guard of Ekur and Nippur be st[rong]' — Ninurta-nasir [...]-sa'a, the elder brother, [...] he [...] the matter(s) [...] the king [...] (rest broken).
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 16 081. Jewellery for the King (ABL 0847)
To the king, my lord: your servant Nabû-sagib, son of Paruṭu, the goldsmith of the Queen's Household. Good health to the king [my lord]! May Nabû and Marduk bless the king, my lord! [...] year(s), with/at the house [...] they questioned me [...] of the month [...] [...] silver, one pappardilû-stone, three fingers wide, (and) a bead(?) of ḫulālu-stone ("eye-stone") I gave to Matan-ilu, the doorkeeper. A letter (came) together (with this), saying: 'To the king, my lord, (let there be) a judgment: whether he gave it or whether he did not give it, let the king, my lord, inquire.'
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 10 044. Timing a Journey of the King (ABL 1141+) [from astrologers]
[To the king, our lord:] [your servants Balasî] [and Nabû-ahhe-eriba.] [Good health] to the king, [our lord]! [May Nabû and] Marduk bless the king, our lord! Concerning the going to the city of [...] about which the king, our lord, wrote to us: if it is good for the king, in Bit-anni(?), in the month Tašritu (VII), to go [there] — or else let the king say: 'No, [... ...]' — as he has said: this month is a long-lasting road (journey) — let it be given up! Let the king go in the month of 'Entering' (Arahsamna, VIII): let him kiss the ground, let them perform the sacrifices.
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 10 206. Prayers and Rituals against Retrograding Mars (ABL 1401) [from exorcists]
[Nabû and M]arduk [to the king,] my lord, [may they bl]ess. [Concerning] Mars, [about which the king, my lord,] wrote to me — [the king, my lord,] does not know [that as/when ...] ... those [...] [...] [in] the constellation of the Furrow (Virgo) it goes; [the flight of] locusts [...] [...] carries [radi]ance; [... evil of] Subartu; [... th]ese we ward off. [Its namburbi-ritual and] lifted-hand prayers [before Mar]s [...] regularly [we perform.] [As for sin,] there is none. May the heart [of the king, m]y lord [be well ...]
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 10 259. Who to Come out Next? (ABL 0364) [from exorcists]
To the king, our lord: your servants Adad-šuma-uṣur and Marduk-šākin-šumi. May there be well-being for the king, our lord. May Nabû and Marduk bless the king, our lord. Concerning the people about whom the king, our lord, wrote to us — saying: 'Is it not you who have [held] them back?' — those who have already come out to report to us, and the others who have not yet performed [their duties]: let them come out tomorrow and let them perform [them]. The king, our lord, knows which ones have performed [their duties] and which ones have not performed [them]. As for us — what do we know of this?…
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 13 073. Complaint of Sickness (ABL 0203)
To the king, my lord: your servant Nergal-šarrani. Good health to the king, my lord! May Nabû and Marduk bless the king, my lord, exceedingly! This month, on this very day, since I have been ill, it is a rash (siḫlu). Since it has been itching me all over, [my whole body] has been scratched/itched. (I said): 'I am afflicted by the hand of Dilbat (Venus/Ištar)!' (I said): 'I am afraid concerning the ... of the fire(-omens),' which without the king I cannot do. Now, therefore, I have written to the king, my lord. By the command of the king let it be chosen (and) let it be done, so that he may…
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 19 001. Soothing Babylon (CTN 5 p. 13)
(1) The king's word to the clergymen, the congrega[ti]on, the leaders of [Babylon] (and) to the citizens of Babylon: I am well, Assyria is well – you can be glad. (9) Don't be afraid because of the news you heard; watch the city, seize the streets (and) take care of yourself! (14) Now I am approaching you again (since) the bodyguard Na'di-ilu told me: "They are trembling in fea[r]." Bel and Na[bû] know and the great god himself knows that, verily, when I previously heard that your brothers were killed, for three days nobody entered into my presence, my heart broke. (r 8) Now you are afraid…
Daily LifeEconomy
SAA 19 002. “You Are my Deputy” (CTN 5 p. 240)
(1) [The king's word to the] commander-in-[chief]: (2) My forts, my [...] (and) my horses [are well]. (4) [Day and] night during my reign, you shall be my magnate (and) my deputy. You shall stand in my place; guarding you is for guarding me. (7) [Don't be neg]ligent but keep watch for me. (8) [...] ... The day [you se]e [this letter ......] (Rest destroyed or too broken for translation)
Daily LifeEconomy
AuOr 37, 043-044 01
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AuOr 37, 043-044 01. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AuOr 37, 044-045 02
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AuOr 37, 044-045 02. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AuOr 37, 045-046 03
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AuOr 37, 045-046 03. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AuOr 37, 047 04
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AuOr 37, 047 04. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AuOr 37, 047-049 05
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AuOr 37, 047-049 05. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CDLJ 2007/1 §3.54
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — CDLJ 2007/1 §3.54. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
NABU 2015/105
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC) ?) — NABU 2015/105. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
WAM 48.2030
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — WAM 48.2030. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AA 074
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AA 074. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AJSL 27, 194
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AJSL 27, 194. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AJSL 27, 194
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AJSL 27, 194. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
AJSL 27, 195
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)) — AJSL 27, 195. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
CUSAS 15, 067
3 shekels, less its fourth (part), of silver, belonging to Tatte-Eduru, son of Talīmu, (is a claim) against Aradiya, son of Mudû. In the month Simānu (III) the silver — the silver, 3 shekels less its fourth (part) — in the city Qatibe he shall pay. Witnesses: Tabnēa, son of Enlil-bāni; Mašê, son of Šamaš-zēr-ibni; Šamaš-šu(?), son of Balāṭu; and the priest (šangû) Rīmūt-Maš, son of Ḫanšâ-Eduru. City Qatibe. Month Addaru (XII), day 29, year 7 of Cambyses, king of Babylon, [king] of the lands.
LawEconomy
CUSAS 15, 184
6 gur, 1 PI of barley, belonging to Tattannu, son of Talīmu, is a debt against Balāṭu, son of Ina-gissu-lugal. In the month of Addaru (itiŠE), he shall pay, in addition, 5 gur, 1 PI. Witnesses: Tattannu, son of Enlil-šum-iddin; Niqūdu, son of Mu-gub; Iškur-mu-ki-il, son of Iškur-ad-gub; Kussari. Scribe: Ba, son of A. Qatibat. Month Nisannu (Bāru), day 5, year 7, (of) Cambyses, king of Babylon, king of the lands.
EconomyLaw
OIP 092, 0001
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0001. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0002
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0002. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0003
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0003. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0004
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0004. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0005
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0005. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0006
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0006. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0007
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0007. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0008
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0008. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0009
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0009. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy
OIP 092, 0010
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Achaemenid (547-331 BC)) — OIP 092, 0010. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Economy