Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

Sumerian · Book

The first cities. The first stories. Still here, written in clay.

Explore

Begin reading
Chronology
Themes
Tablet collection
Dossiers

The project

About the project
The engine
Methodology
Sources & licensing
FAQ
Contact & support

Resources

Provenance & ethics
Privacy policy
Terms of use
llms.txt
Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation or institutional funding.

Tablet imagery credited per item.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Find a name, follow a period, or explore a subject through the records it left behind.

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

76,424 of 102,257 tablets · 4 filters activeClear filters

5701–5750 of 76424

Page 115 / 1529

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 219

1 eše of field less 3 sar: Ur-nigar. 2 1/2 iku of field: E'ur. 4 iku: E'ur. 2 iku [...] of field: Nin-nigbara'e. [...] field: Ahusunu. [...] field: Lugu. [...] of field: Ur-Teš. [...] field: Ur-a, the stone-cutter. [...] of field: Enlila. [...] [...] of field: ...... [...] of field: Lugal-ennu.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 220

(Obverse) 20 less 2 (= 18) gur of barley, (by the) sag-gal₂ (measure); 2 barig 2 ban of barley, kur; the agar-field of Maš-da[lu]. 5 gur 2 barig of barley, (by the) sag-gal₂ (measure); 1 gur of barley, (by the) sag-gal₂ (measure), its gešgaba-tab; [1 barig] of barley, [kur]; [the agar-field of the A]šamah. (Reverse) Total: 25 gur 1 barig 2 ban of barley, (by the) sag-[gal₂ (measure)], threshed barley; Kalaba, the farmer.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 221

Obverse 1. 3 barig 4 ban of barley, 2. 1 barig of barley, kur: 3. field Mašdalu. 4. 3 [1 barig] 5(?) ban [of barley], (by the) "great" gur, 5. 1 (gur) of barley, (by the) "great" gur: 6. Gešgabatabbi; 7. field Ašamah. 8. [3 barig] of barley, [kur]: 9. field Enlil. Reverse 10. Total: 6 gur 1 barig 4 ban of barley, (by the) "great" gur, 11. threshed barley; 12. Ili-tabba, the plowman.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 222

23 nindan: the long sides; 3 nindan: the fronts; its area: 70 minus <1> (= 69) sar of orchard; 53 large trees, their silver: [...] 1/3 (shekel); 240 male trees, their silver: 2/3 (shekel?) ...

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 225

137 (written 2 × 60 + 20 minus 3) sheep; their wool: 3 talents 5 minas; Lugal-ušurmu. 59 (written 60 minus 1) sheep; their wool: 2 talents; Ur-Enlil. Total: 196 sheep; total: 5 talents 5 mi[nas]: it is wool of sheep taken in charge (dab5); Emaš.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 226

1 kid, son of [...]; 1 kid: Bara-Enlil-[gar]. 2 kids, ...[...]; 1 sheep, [...]; 3 kids, [...]; 1 kid, [...]; 1 kid, [...]; [1 kid], [...]; 1 [kid]: Bara-En[lil-gar]. Total: 1 sheep, 11 [kids]: sheep (and goats) expended. Month: Akiti.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 227

[1] fattened sheep, 3 sheep: the nin-dingir priestess of Ninšubur. 3 sheep: Lugal-urie. 3 sheep: Munimah. 2 (gur) 1 ban minus 1 sila of sheep ur2-[cuts], (for) the kitchen. Total: 1 fattened sheep; total: 11 (gur) 1 ban minus 1 sila, sheep ur2-cuts (and sheep). (This) is the expenditure.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 229

1 kid, for the tēnnum(?) of the ŠIM PI-PI garden; 1 sheep, ašgi, within 7 days; 1 lamb, for Nin-gilim. Issued, (of) the kizûtum. Month Šu-gar, day <n>.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 232

Obverse 1. 10 sheep skins, 2. skins for leather sacks, 3. to Ur-zigumma, 4. the cook, 5. were given. Reverse 6. 6 sheep skins: 7. the GIN₂ (and) the mat(s) of Edudu (and) the boat of Iškur-andul 8. were fitted (with them). 9. Leather expended, 10. Lugal-itida; 11. Susi.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 233

4 hides: goat (hides), (for) the man of the stretched things; he gave (them) to him. 2 hides: hides for the leather bag of the governor; Gala, the leather-worker, he gave (them) to him. 2 hides: for the á-gá of linen, from his own labour, the leather-worker; he gave (them) to him. Total: 8 white hides; they are hides that were expended.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 236

1 nig-lam garment, 1 šaga-du garment: Lugal-nir, the shepherd. 1 bar-dul garment: Bulali, [...] the carpenters. 1 bar-dul garment: Lu-saga, the chief farmer. Total: 4 garments, returned; for the 7th time. [...]-x (was) the commissioner.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 241

Obverse 1. 19 gur 2 barig of barley: Ur-Inanna; 2. (see line 1) 3. 10 gur 2 barig 5 ban: TAR-ta; 4. 10 gur minus 2 barig: Lu-BI; 5. 12 gur: E-ur; 6. 3 gur 2 barig: Aš-ane, the temple administrator; 7. 1 gur: Sipa-ane, the cook; 8. 64 gur: Šakuge. Reverse 9. Total: 120 minus 2 gur, (plus) 2 barig of barley, 10. it is the [arr]ears of last [year]; 11. Mesa[g].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 244

[n] 2 ban [of ...], barley, ...-th (?); 2 gur of barley from the house of Lugal-ša-x; [...]-KA [...] [Ur]-Ababa. [Total:] n (gur) 2 barig minus 1 ban 5 sila [of barley], (in) gur, regular deliveries: the cupbearer received (it). [Month: barley] harvest.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 245

[n+]5 gur of barley (by the) Agade (measure): Ur-Inanna; [n+]3 (gur): Ur-Ennun; 4 (gur) 1 barig 2 ban: TAR-ta; 4 (gur): E-[...]; ...[...]; 2 (gur) 2 barig 3 ban: [...]; 2 (gur) 1 barig: Ša-kuge [...]. Total: 16 gur 1 barig 2 ban 5 sila of barley (by the) Agade (measure), [rec]eived by the brewers.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 246

20 less 2 (= 18) gur of barley, standard (gur), from the E-niggur-gula; 12 (gur) from the E-mah. Beer, 2 (units) each, until the month [...]; beer, 1 jar of 10 sila, until the 4th month. Received by Ur-Inanna.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 247

1. 2 barig of barley, 2. 2 barig of emmer: 3. it is (for) the ferry fee (addir). 4. 3 barig of barley (by the) Agade (measure): 5. it is the barley ration of the New Year. 6. Let him give (it) to him!

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 249

Obverse 1. 5 sila of dabin-flour, A[ga]de 2. 4 sila of groats, Igizi[...] 3. 3 sila, Hena[...] 4. 3 sila, Lugal[...] 5. 5 sila, En[...] 6. 1 ban (= 10 sila), Ninsage 7. 5 sila of emmer, Eba Reverse 8. Total: 3 ban 5 sila (= 35 sila), emmer flour (of) Agade. 9. Deficit: 1 sila, Ninsage; 10. 1 sila, Uzili; 11. 1/2 sila, Ningu[...].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 250

Obverse 1. 240 (loaves of) bread of 1 sila each, 2. 6 [...], 3. 30 minus 2 (= 28) split (dried) fish: 4. the workers received (them). 5. 80 (loaves of) bread of 1 sila each: 6. they are the attendants (lit. 'standing men'). Reverse 7. 10 (loaves of) bread of 1 sila each: Ezi, 8. the scribe. 9. Dada (was) its commissioner. 10. Bread expended; 11. it is (that) of Emah-dingir.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 251

24 men, 2 (loaves of) bread each; 3 men, brewers, 2 (each); 5 (bread): boatmen; 20 (loaves of) bread, 1 (jar of) beer: Barasag; 20 (loaves of) bread, 1 (jar of) beer: soldiers of the king; 24 (loaves of) bread, 2 (jars of) beer: Ur-dumu-x; 5 (loaves of) bread: Ur-Nin[...]; [...] 10 [n bread ...]-ab; 10 ... [...] soldier(s). Total: 180 (loaves of) bread, 4 (jars of) beer: bread expended.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 252

1 fuller, 1 fattener of livestock, 7 brewers, 2 doorkeepers: they [are] not allotted bread. 1,591 (rations of) bread, 50 minus 2 (= 48) (rations of) beer: beer (and) bread expended.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 254

2 gur of beer-bread, [...] gur of chickpeas, (for) Lu-Iškur; [...] gur of chickpeas, [...] gur of coarse flour, 2 gur of groats, (for) Nani; 2 barig of coarse flour, 1 barig of groats, (for) Ur-pisan. It is (what was) returned.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 256

1 gur of large chickpeas, 2 barig of small chickpeas, 1 ban of coriander, 5 sila of cumin, [...] 1 barig [...] cheese, 5 ban of beer-bread.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 257

6 gur of fish, 50 baskets: he delivered (them). Ur-mes, the fowler. 2 barig of fish, 5 baskets: he delivered (them). Masa-ninsu. 9 gur of fish: Lugal-teš, the cook. 3: Lu-x; 2: the [household] administrator; 2: Ur-lili; 2: Lalla; 1: Kituš-bir. 2 gur less 1 barig of fish, 15 baskets: he delivered (them). Lu-sa[ga].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 258

Obverse 1. 1 gurdub-basket of small fish: 2. Sat-bel. 3. 1 gurdub-basket of small fish: 4. Ili-ištakal. 5. [1] gurdub-basket of small fish: 6. [...]-talik, the lu2-igi official. 7. [...] 8. [...] 9. [n leather esir-e]ba (items) 10. [...] 11. [...] leather esir-eba (items): 12. Ur-ME, the scribe. 13. 1 ša3-gid2: 14. Datum, the courier. 15. [Day] 30 minus 3 (= 27) elapsed.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 259

Obverse 2 baskets of split fish, a2-bala-a, 2 barig; 1 basket of prime fish, 2 barig; 1 basket of sea fish, 2 ban; 1 basket of eggs of the ab-suhur fish; 1 basket of split birds; 1 basket of ge6-par4; 1 basket of grapes(?) ...; [1] basket [...]; [...] [...] [...] Reverse 1 masab-basket; 1 kir NUN-[...]; (this is) what was placed on the |TAxKASKAL|-boat. The elder gave (it) to him.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 260

Obverse 1. 240 split gir-fish, 2. 180 slit fish: 3. first delivery. Reverse 4. 1,500 split fish: 5. second delivery. 6. Kuda, the fisherman, 7. brought (them).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 261

Obverse 3 ban and 2 1/2 sila of ge-par (commodity), (by the) Agade (measure): Urgal. 5 ban less 2 sila of ge-par: ME-enki. Reverse Total: 1 barig, 2 ban, 1/2 sila of ge-par, (by the) Agade (measure). Igibar, the cupbearer, received (it).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 2/1, 51

3 ban: U-ili 3 ban: Mašum 3 ban: Dugani 3 ban: Puzur-Eštar 3 ban: Beli-gi 3 ban: Mulušum 3 ban: Šu-[i]lisu, the brewer, (and) Puzuzu, the cook 3 ban: Metlik 3 ban: Sadutu 3 ban: Ea-maš-UR, the diviner Total: 1 gur of barley rations, (by the gur of) Agade. Servants of the king received (it) as an interest-free loan.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 2/1, 54

Im[...]; Lu-dingira, the temple administrator of Isin, put its case in order. 1: Ibila, the land registrar; 1: Nesag, (of) Ur-ME: he gave (them). 1: Ur-Nisaba; ...[...]; (they are) the wi[tnesses].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 2/1, 55

[Two-thirds (mina) of silver, ša]nabi, ... shekels, (is) [the price] of an orchard. [...] 10 mina of silver, [...] shekels, (is) the silver of Dada, the smith. With Adda it is held. [1] ..., chief cupbearer; [1 Urra]ni, Ur-su; [...], cowherd; 1 Lugal-[...].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 2/1, 59

14 shekels (and) 1 small mina of silver, for the purchase of 2 old she-asses, Ibibi weighed out. Ur-Ešhara and Atir received (it). 1: Dadi, of Tudanapšum; 1: Dingir-azu, of the household administrator of the house. Abba-abba.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 2/1, 61

2 1/2 shekels of silver; 2 1/2 shekels: a disc of lapis lazuli; 1 bar-dul garment, (of) 10; for Kubrum. 1/2 shekel of silver; [1] seal of lapis lazuli; [...] [...] [...]-ni [...]-ni 1 kištabum; gift for Kubrum, Tamtisu.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TJA pl.65, IOS 49

50 minas of white cedar, 15 minas of cypress, 16 minas of juniper (zabalum), 12 minas of murranum aromatic, [n]+3 minas of aromatic ..., 7 minas of an-HAR aromatic, 3 minas of 'clay' aromatic, 6 minas of sweet aromatic, 6 minas of algarig, 1 ban 5 sila of gamgam[ma] aromatic, [3 (minas)] of ku[rum] aromatic, [...] ... [...] [...] aromatic ... ... Ur-Ninildu. [n] year(s), 6 month(s).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TMH 05, 037

1 barig of barley: Heli; 1 barig: Nin-gula; 1 barig: Nin-HAR-ni; 1 barig: Nin-erre; [...]: Nin-geš; [...]: Nin-gi; [...]: E-inutuku; [...] ... [...] [Month] of Emmer. Year: Naram-Sin destroyed Šabbunum.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TMH 05, 050

[1] Lugal-azida, servant of Lugal-kigala, from the governor fled. Where he fled to, the slave woman of Ur-nigar said: "In the threshing floor of the chief household administrator he is staying." Let them b[ri]ng (him) here. ... ... [...] ...

Daily Life·Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

CT 50, 049

566 sheep, 303 female goats — confirmed on the broad tablet. 135 sheep, 12 lambs: these are sheep of the slaughter-rotation. Sheep at pasture. Year: the expedition-yoke at the drinking-hall was established.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

CUSAS 11, 283

143 gur of barley — its field-area: 1 bur3. Month of Še-sag-kal, day 7. Field of Mu-nu11-mah; [Field of Gada-gar-Ib]-ni-Suen — it is (this).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

JCS 32, 169 1

Wood(en) ... not ... [...] Wooden [object], [its] face/front, [sign uncertain], ... not (At the) foot / path of the city The path(?) of Utu is made just [...] ...-[broken] A man [...] path(?) [...] to measure [...] vessel(?) Toward its throne dais(?) A man who does not return (what he owes to) a man A man who does not add (what is due) to a man [...] Wood(en) [...] ... [...] Wood(en?) binding [...] The term of office passes ... [...] [...] for its destiny, a judgment is rendered Alas — it was brought out [...]

Law

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 001

3 [units] of finest-quality bread; 36 gu2-zi jars; 18 jars of [...]; [...] received. At the mouth of the small canal — bread disbursed. Lugal-an-dul3, chief cupbearer; Mes-ki-gal-la, governor of Adab.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 004

[n ...] weaver(s) [...]... [...]-lum [...] house [...] their commissioner [...] bank of the city [n?] I-lum-gar3, scribe — An-na-šum2. 1 merchant: An-na-šum2. A garment has been issued.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 006

32 + [n] sheep Adda [n +] 23 — Inim-ma-ni-zi 30 — E2-dam-si 30 — Nin-da [n +] 8 — [lu2...]-u2-[...] [remainder broken]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 009

11 gur, 1 barig, 1 ban2 of flour 25 gur of barley 3 gur of beer-bread [...] (broken) [n+]1 gur, 2 barig of groats 48 gur, 1 barig, 1 ban2 — grand total Annašum

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 013

[n] goat(s) — Sag-zi; 1 goat — Ili-ili; [n] goat(s) — [...]-ba; 1 goat — Ur-tir; 1 male sheep — Ka-ku3, son of Ur-[...]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 018

[...]-gu [...]: [Thus] speak: To my lord, say: 'The troops have been set in order. On day 4, [they] perished — mace(?). 15 troops were [...] [...]-na-ga [...] [...] gathered [...] [...] [...] [...] [...] [...] year / name (?) [...] in the palace. A person who has nothing [...] may he bring it.'

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 020

1 silver ring [hu-la] — its weight: 1/3 mina 1 naš-pāru garment 1 first-quality, fully finished garment — (for the) bala rotation 1 weaver's garment — (for the) bala rotation 1 (vessel of) fine oil — 2 sila; (1) rope 1 (unit of) bitumen — for the house (for / by) Bēlī-il-abā 1 weaver's garment — (for the) bala rotation (for / by) Elīšta-kal lu2-ku (official) [the] gleaming ornament(s) [of / for] the king they brought [it/them]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 021

1 bala-garment, 1 (unit of) bitumen (for) the ox-stall of the house, 1 leather bag — (for) Ḫulium; 1 bala-garment, 1 (unit of) bitumen of the house, 1 leather bag — [U]ṣium; Men of the nig₂-mul (institution), (of) Lagaš, from Zira — they brought [it there]; they received (it). Month: Šesagkalga.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 023

[1] silver ring, spiral, its weight: 1/3 (shekel) 1 garment of naspārum-type 1 heavy garment, perfectly finished 1 fine garment, ušbar-weave 1 [1-sila3 vessel of] sweet oil [n unit(s) of] bitumen, house-[allotment] [n] gur of barley, (for/at) Agade [...]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 024

1 silver ring, unraveled — its weight: 1/3 shekel. 1 garment of naṣparu-type. 1 garment, second-quality, bala(-type). Enna-num, coppersmith — for the king's statue; [having come with it?] [An-mu?] — garments expended. Month: du6-ku3 (the Sacred Mound).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 025

[n] garment(s), nāsparu type 2 garments, fine-grade (nig₂-lam₂), second quality 2 garments, šagadu type, second quality 2 garments, šage-dab type 1 (jar of) good oil, 1-sila measure 1 (unit of) bitumen, house-allocation his/her command: [was given to him?]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Lippmann Coll 026

10 mana of wool, 1 sila of sesame oil, 1 sila of lard, 1 [unit of] bitumen — house ration: Al-la, the steward of the household. 1 sila of sesame oil: Puzur-Enlil, the barley commissioner, gave [it] to him. Oil: disbursed. Month: mu-tir.

Economy

← Previous

1…114 115 116…1529