Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

Sumerian · Book

The first cities. The first stories. Still here, written in clay.

Explore

Begin reading
Chronology
Themes
Tablet collection
Dossiers

The project

About the project
The engine
Methodology
Sources & licensing
FAQ
Contact & support

Resources

Provenance & ethics
Privacy policy
Terms of use
llms.txt
Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation or institutional funding.

Tablet imagery credited per item.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Find a name, follow a period, or explore a subject through the records it left behind.

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

3,613 of 102,257 tablets · 4 filters activeClear filters

701–750 of 3613

Page 15 / 73

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 077

Obverse 1. 1 black pig 2. (of) the captain Lu-Baba 3. of Lagash. 4. Thus (says) 5. the king Bottom edge 6. to Lugal-ušumgal: Reverse 7. Those (who are) in sickness 8. have delayed (it). 9. Let him take (it)!

Daily Life·Economy

~2270 BCE·

Akkadian Empire

Our engine

RTC 086

(Beginning of lines 1–4 broken) 1. [...] x 2. [...] ... x 3. [...] sheep 4. [...] x-a 5. ... counted (into the account) 6. are on hand (there). 7. The king — for 2 years — 8. knows its content. 9. In the year 10. Naram-Sin 11. the foundations of the temple of Enlil 12. in Nippur 13. and of the temple of Inanna 14. [in] Zabala(m) 15. [laid].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 087

1. In the year (when) 2. Šar-kali-šarri 3. the foundation of the temple of Enlil 4. [in] Nippur 5. [laid] — 6. iš-ku-[......] 7. ga-[......] 8. [......]-unu 9. [......]-pi

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 094

Obverse 1. 1 (man): Ib-[...], 2. servant of Bin-kali-šarri; 3. 1 (man): Ur-abu, 4. man of Lugal-x; 5. [...] ... ; 6. [...] ... Reverse 7. They were brought (here).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 097

Obverse 1. Ur-Ninsun, 2. 1 Ur-Meme, 3. 1 Zamu: 4. foreman: Lugal-sal. 5. 14 workmen, 6. soldiers(?), 7. they are (men) of Shar-kali-sharri. Reverse 8. Total: 20 minus 3 (= 17) workmen; 9. captain: En-irina. 10. 1 Ur-nig, 11. Ur-Ninmuda: 12. (they are) with (him/them); 13. foreman: Lugal-sal.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 103

(Line numbers follow the order of the supplied transliteration; it gives no obverse/reverse division.) 1. 1 [...] 2. 1 talent [...] 3. Nin-[...]; 4. 1 talent of second-quality wool: Lugal-itida; 5. [...] talent(s): Šuna; 6. [...] talent(s): Ur-nig; 7. [...] ... wool; 8. [...] second-quality wool; 9. [...] its sealed document(s). 10. From the house of the cupbearer 11. issued (went out). 12. The governor, Agade.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 104

1. [...] x 2. [...]-ba 3. [...] x x [...] bar 4. [...] x, bronze 5. [...] x, bronze 6. 16 sila of x-oil 7. 2 jars (and) 3 sila of sheep fat 8. 67 jars (and) 6 sila of sesame oil 9. 26 gur less 1 ban of dates, (by the) gur of Agade 10. 11 talents 16 1/2 minas of wool 11. 50 minas, sag šu?-kur 12. 47 minas 50 shekels of wool, finished work 13. 20 minas of x 14. [...] x 15. [...] ivory

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 108

Obverse 1. 2 gur of emmer, (by the) Agade (measure); 2. 2 ban 5 sila of ghee; 3. 1 1/2 (gur) of large pulses (chickpeas); 4. 2(?) (gur) of small pulses; 5. 3 sila of pulse-[......]; 6. 3 sila of milk-product ZI-x. Reverse 7. Utu-illat, 8. the man (in charge) of the fruit/provisions, 9. received (it).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 110

Obverse 1. 1 gurgur-vessel of beer, 2. from Ur-gigir, 3. the kārum (official); 4. 1 jar of beer, 5. from Gala-tur, 6. wife of Ka'a. Reverse 7. Expended. 8. Month: Festival of Baba, 9. 16 days having passed.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 112

Obverse 1. 28 (lit. 30 minus 2) breads, 2. 2 gur₄-gur₄ jars of beer: 3. Šarru-laba. 4. 18 (lit. 20 minus 2) breads, 5. 1 gur₄-gur₄ jar of beer: 6. Mesag. 7. Fatteners of the king. Bottom edge 8. Expended. (Reverse uninscribed)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 119

Obverse 1. 25 gur of barley, 2. 1 (unit): Geštul-šum; 3. Lugal-ušumgal, 4. the judge, Gin-x(?), Reverse 5. against Ur-x 6. he placed (it). 7. En-lu[...] 8. (was) the commissioner.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 123

1. [x] (measures of) dabin flour, 2. 1 ban₂ of sag-ninda flour, 3. 1 ban₂ 5 sila₃ of zi₃-gu flour, 4. 2 ban₂ of fine (sig₁₅) flour: 5. regular provisions (sa₂-du₁₁). 6. Month: Mu-šu-du₈, 7. the 6th day having passed. 8. Urra-dingir.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 131

1. 2 grain-fed sheep, 1 lamb: 2. Beli-bala. 3. 1 grain-fed sheep, 1 billy-goat, 4. 1 lamb: 5. Šarru-ili. 6. [n sheep], 1 lamb: 7. Mu[?]-sa. 8. 1 sheep, 1 lamb: 9. Urkuku. 10. Grain-fed goat(s)(?) — Sidu. 11. Delivery.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 132

Obverse 1. [...] less 3 nanny goats, marked on the side; 2. [...] female kids, (of) regular (quality); 3. 12 male goats, (of) regular (quality); 4. not marked on the side. 5. Total: 56 goats, various. Reverse 1. [...] 2. the animal driver: 3. 1 En-errani. 4. Their herdsman: 5. Ur-Utu, 6. the governor.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 138

Obverse 1. 1 nindan in length, 2. 3 cubits in width, 3. 3 cubits (and) 1 šu-bad in height; 4. 1 1/2 nindan in length, 5. 2 cubits in width, 6. 3 cubits (and) 1 šu-bad in height: 7. the wall of the city (uru11). Reverse 1. Lu-ab-u 2. delivered (it).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 141

Obverse 1. 17 ḫi 2. 128 ḫi, 2 gur (of grain) 3. the surveyor (sa12-du5) 4. 31 ḫi 5. 41½ ḫi, 3 gur 2 barig 6. [...] 18½ ḫi 7. 30 minus 2 (= 28) [...] ḫi, 1 gur 2 barig 8. 10 ḫi 9. 10 (+) 4(aš) ḫi, 3 gur 2 barig 10. the lessee (apin-la2) 11. gešgu (?) 12. the plow-chief (sag-apin-na) 13. Field Udukuk (GAN2 U-duku)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 204

(Beginning destroyed) 16 carnelian (beads/stones) [......]; 5 large lapis lazuli (beads); 2 thick lapis lazuli (beads); 7 gold (beads), (of) 1 finger; 4 large silver (beads); 8 lapis lazuli (beads), (of) 1 finger; [...] large gold (beads); 2 recumbent calves of gold; 1 recumbent calf of lapis lazuli; 10 thick gold (beads); 10 thick carnelian (beads); 2 dingir-[su]-LAGAB-me stones/beads; (rest destroyed)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 214

Obverse 1. 1 linen (cloth), 1 šakkan-jar of oil; 2. 1 gir-jar of ghee; 3. 1 gir-jar of cheese; 4. 4 small ducks; 5. 60 bundles of zaḫadin onions; 6. 180 bundles of šum-sikil onions; 7. 120 kun-zi fish; 8. 12 baskets of nig-ki fish; 9. 7 split (dried) fish: Reverse 10. the temple administrator of Ninmarki 11. via Lu-igi 12. brought (it).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 224

(Beginning destroyed) 1 massatum overlaid with gold, 20 massatum, 20 arrows, 30 bows: the king. [...] large dagger(s): the son of Ilum-bani. 2 arrows, 2 leather NE-si: they are the garadu men. 1 arrow, 1 leather NE-si: [... shepherd?]-dari?

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 225

(Sides and columns are not marked in the transliteration; lines are numbered here in the order given.) 1. 20 rush staffs (nig2-pa ninni5); 2. 50 pairs of sandals; 3. 1 edin-a-su, set with bronze; 4. 1 e2-bar-kas4; 5. 1 li-im peg; 6. 2 leather bags [......]; 7. 10 leather bags [......]; 8. 4 [......]; 9. Ur-Bagara, [...]; 10. 5 e2 [......]; 11. 7 [......].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 227

1. 1 ne-... of gold; 2. 1 ebony chair, overlaid with gold; 3. [n] bed(s) with ox-hoof (legs), of the lady; 4. [...] 5. 1 [...] 6. 1 [...] ... [...] 7. 20 [...] 8. 6 [...]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 228

Obverse (?) 1. [...] bardul-garment(s)? [...] 2. 40 gešdim? [...] 3. 10 felted cloths, back-[...] [...], its amurum 4. [...] ... Akkad 5. [...] ... 6. 4 leather bags for lead-ropes 7. [...] leather bags for bows 8. [...] leather bags for linen 9. [...] ox(en)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 237

1. 1 [male] slave: 2. the palace; 3. the governor of Huhunuri. 4. 1 female slave: 5. Ur-mes, the envoy. 6. 1 messenger of Marhaši, 7. 1 Elamite soldier, 8. from Marhaši; 9. via Ur-mes.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 238

Obverse (?) 1. 5 female slaves, 2. a mašdaria-gift 3. of Simhuzi-x (?), governor of Huhunuri; 4. 1 male slave, 5. a mašdaria-gift 6. of Gimani; 7. 1 male slave, 8. delivery of Ummanum. 9. (Total) delivery; 10. [PN] took them in charge.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 240

Obverse 1. 1 team of kunga-equids, 5 sila of barley each; 2. 1 team, 2 kunga-equids, 3 sila each; 3. 12 barley-fed pigs, 2 sila each; 4. 33 grass-fed pigs, 1 sila each; 5. 1 onager. 6. Expenditure of Dada.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 241

(Beginning destroyed) 1 sheep, [...] goat(s): Nanše; 1 goat: the governor of Ur; 1 sheep: Abarne; [...] ewe(s): the man of Aniad; Gusilala (was) the commissioner; expended.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 250

1. [...] fine flour, 2. (they are) overseers of the interpreters. 3. 2 ban 6 sila of flour: the man of Simurrum. 4. 2 ban of flour: the man of Tutul. 5. 2 sila of fine flour. 6. 2 ban less 2 sila of high-quality flour. 7. 1 ban 5 sila of flour for porridge. 8. Table of Lu-[x]. 9. Expended; Ur-li.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 251

Obverse 1. [3 ban 1½ sila ...] 2. [the Gutian(s) ...] 3. 1 ban: the man of Nip[pur] 4. 1 ban: the man of BAD₃ (Dūr?) 5. 2 sila: the man of Kimaš 6. 2 sila: the man of SAG×NI-sar 7. nigar 8. 1 ban: [...]-me 9. mu [...] ru 10. Expended; (for) 1 month less 2 days. 11. [Month ...]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 252

1. 3 ban 1 aš 1/2 sila [...] 2. Gutium [...] 3. 1 ban: the man of Nippur; 4. 1 ban: the man of BAD₃; 5. 2 sila: the man of Kimaš; 6. 2 sila: the man of [SAG×NI-sar]. 7. nigar. 8. Expended, the 5th day. 9. Month: Festival of Lisi.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

RTC 258

Obverse 1. The Tamarisk ditch 2. The canal Pa-mu-silim 3. Flood land of the gudu-priests 4. Field of the gudu-priests 5. Flood land of Lu-[B]aba, [the scribe] 6. Field of Lu-Baba, the scribe 7. Field of Lu-kamar-saga

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

SBen 24

Obverse 1. 48 (rods) north, 34 (rods) [south?]; 2. 130 (rods) east, ḪI; 3. 2 eše 4 iku of field; 4. 4 iku deducted; 5. its field (area): 3 bur 2 eše minus 1 iku of field. 6. Subsistence (field) of the chief scribe; 7. SIG7, (in) the steppe of Akšak.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

Seal Cylinders 026 05

1. Šar-kali-šarri, 2. king 3. of Agade: 4. Tuta-šar-libbiš, 5. queen — 6. Išar-beli, 7. scri[be], 8. steward of her household, 9. her servant. 10. Enlil

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

StLouis 051

Obverse 1. 20 (gur) less 1 barig 4 ban of dates, giri3 (dates) 2. 16 (gur) of wood 3. 3 (gur) 5 ban of sig15-ga dates 4. orchard of Nam-[...] (Bottom edge / Reverse) 5. Lugal-nigzu 6. NE-[...] 7. son of [...] (rest destroyed)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

StLouis 052

Obverse 1. 3 gur of dates, 2. 2 shekels of silver: 3. Urrani. 4. 3 ban: Lu-bazi; 5. 2 ban: Bilu; 6. 1 ban: Zabartium. Reverse 7. Lugal-nigzu.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

StLouis 053

2 barig of dates, [gur-measure], Zaktum; 2 barig of dates, gur-measure, 10 a-si baskets, Elala; 3 barig of dates, gur-measure, 16 a-si baskets, from among it: 10 abba₂ baskets, 4 nar, 2 zabartium, 20 less 3 gilam, one-third; Lugalla; Lugal-nigzu, the gardener, [...].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

StLouis 055

Obverse 1. [...] ḪI×DIŠ, 1 pig's haunch(?), 2. [n] gur of dates, 3. [...] 1(?) reed(s), Ama-nam(?), 4. [...] ḪI×DIŠ, (a) pig's head, 5. [...] received.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

StLouis 056

1. 1 billy-goat: 2. Ilu-dannu, 3. the shepherd of sheep; 4. 1 billy-goat: 5. Ur-Nana, the temple administrator; 6. 1 billy-goat: 7. Akal; 8. 1 sheep: 9. Išma-Ea, the land registrar. 10. Delivery. 11. Month of Anunat.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 011

1. 7 gur 2 barig ... of barley, (by the) sag-gal₂ gur, 2. 8 shekels of silver: 3. U'u'a, the boat-builder. 4. [n gur of barley], (by the) sag-gal₂ gur: 5. E-U'u, 6. son of Lugal-kisalsi, 7. foreman(?) [...]. 8. 2 gur 2 barig ... of barley: 9. Zabala-kidu, 10. the boatman. 11. 1 gur 2 barig of barley: 12. Zabala-kidu. 13. 3 gur of barley: extra (for the) plowman. 14. 5 gur of barley: Kar-kidu. 15. 3 gur: Amar-Šubur.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 028

Obverse col. i 1. 11 men: 2. Ur-lu, the shepherd; 3. 14: Ur-lu, 4. (of) Atie; 5. 11: Ur-lu, 6. (of) the mill-house; 7. 11: Il, 8. (of) Lugal-dingir; col. ii 9. 15: [Ur]-Šubur, 10. the master builder; 11. men taken in ch[arge]. 12. 11: Lugal-e'a-[...]; 13. 30: Su-[...]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 033

2 bur [minus] 3 iku of [fi]eld: from the house (estate). 2 bur 4 iku: Ur-nu. n n 3 iku: Mezu. [...] [...] 2 bur 2 iku: Titu. 2 bur minus 2 iku: Zamu. 1 bur 5 iku: the man of Tibira. 1 barig: from the house (estate). [...]: [U]r-nu. [...] [...]-[t]u.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 035

Obverse 1. 6 bur3 of field: 2. field of Gula'a, 3. field for flax-cultivation; given to the man(?). 4. 5 bur3 of field: 5. field of Uduka, 6. field for dike-work; 7. given to the man(?). 8. Hul-ikal. 9. Hezu.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 036

1 ram: Sisa, son of Lulu, elder of the city. 1 (ram): Ur-ag, he is a man of Adagal. 1 male lamb: Ur-pisan, man of Zabala. 1 billy-goat: Ur-ki, the chief farmer. These are mašdaria-contributions. Month: Mu-tir. Bēlī-ṭāb.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 044

1. 146 skins: skins of nanny-goats (and) skins of LAK020 (goats); 2. among them, 26 skins are spoiled. 3. The skins were returned; 4. they are (the responsibility) of the goatherds. 5. There is no deficit in skins. 6. Month: Ga-udu-ur ("house where sheep are plucked").

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 045

5 bar-dul₅-garments, (of) weaver (quality), (for) the chariot (of) the E-UMBIN×LU, 4 (units). Ra'isin, the general (šagina), has taken (them). Garments booked out (as expenditure); it is from the wool office. Month: Še-sag-ku.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 047

Obverse 1. 300 (5 × 60) gur of barley, 2–4. Ur-nu has given to the merchant. 5. Via Gen-na; 6–7. Ur-nu, overseer of the house of [...]; 8. house of [Nin]mug(?) ... [...]. 9. Month: Še-sag-[kud] ("Harvest"), 10–11. Di-Utu (being) captain. Reverse 12–13. Year: Umma was destroyed.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 049

[n+]2 [...] gur [...] of barley, Ur-Enki, son of Lugal-tumma, (and) Aba-Enlil, son of Amar-Ašnan, from the house of the temple administrator (sanga) received. Ur-Enlil, Ur-KID-GAM-na, Anna'ag.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 051

Obverse 1. 2 gur minus 3 ban of barley: 2. Lugal-hegal 3. (and) Šita-iri 4. gave (it) to ...-du8. 5. Month: Du-ku; 6. month: <House> of sheep-shearing. 7. Barley expended; 8. Ur-Ninmug 9. is the kingal.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 053

Obverse 1. 2 barig 3 ban of barley, (by the) Agade (measure), 2. from Gakalam; 3. 2 barig 3 ban from Ur-dam; 4. 1 barig 3 ban from Ur-Ištaran. 5. From among it:

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 054

Obverse col. i 1. 7 gur of emmer: 2. Šara-x-bad, 3. house of Nin-imma(?). col. ii 4. 2 barig of emmer: 5. house of Ša-Magan. 6. 2 barig: Nu. 7. 13 gur of emmer: 8. Meme. Reverse 9. Their total: 10. 21 gur of emmer, 11. new emmer.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

TCBI 1, 058

Obverse 1. 600 (loaves of) bread, 2. 1 ban of baked (bread), 20 (units), 3. 1 gur of barley: 4. [...] Urki, 5. the overseer; 6. Annatum. 7. Ur-Ninmug, 8. the scribe, 9. (was) its commissioner. 10. Month: Šuba-nun.

Economy

← Previous

1…14 15 16…73