Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Menu

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Privacy policy Terms of use llms.txt Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Search

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

Showing all 102,257 tablets.

3001–3050 of 102257

Page 61 / 2046

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 017

5(units) ... [...] (broken/illegible) its purchase price: 1 mina 15 shekels of silver. A lapis-lazuli block: 13 shekels of silver is its price. Lugal-Enlil. 2 shekels of silver: Lu-zi, the barber. [SZIMxKUSZU2 item]: 2/3 mina of silver is its price. From the chief merchant: Šeš-gazira — it was given (to him).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 022

(obverse) When the governor (ensi) had weighed out 5 minas of silver to the son of Ur-Enlil, 13 shekels of silver from Ur-Egal — its total(?) — ... (two signs illegible) ... U-AN-[x] (and) the brothers, the minister (sukkal): it was given to him. (reverse) Month: 6th.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 026

1 barig (of barley): Lugal-ennu. 1 barig: E-lu. 1 barig: Girini. (Break) 5 old women (worn-out female workers), 1 female child: (under) Lugal-saga. An-da-še. (Break) [...] female weaver(s), [...] shekel(s) of barley, [...] ...-meza, [x] male [children], [x female] children.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 119

Their total: 5 bur3 2 iku of field [...] 1 eše3 3 iku of field [...] field on the bank (gu2) of MUNUS-U8-DI [...] chief cupbearer [...] 2 eše3 of field [...] [...]-ga [...] (The right-hand portion of every line is broken away; the reverse is uninscribed or wholly effaced.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 127

1 ox, 4 aktum-textiles — E-duru-mah (the 'great hamlet' estate); 1 ox — the house of Nisaba (E-Nisaba); 1 aktum-textile — E-šita-[tum]; 1 [aktum-]textile — the house of [...]; 1/3 (shekel of) silver — the house of [...]; 3 [...] [...] not [...] / Nu-[...]

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 130

(obverse) [One-third (of a mina) of silver] — šana — it is (the price) of an ox. 5 shekels of silver — it is (the price) of a sheep. One-third (of a mina) of silver — šana — (and) 4 shekels: it is (the price) of an aktum-[garment]. [...]-tum(?) One-third (of a mina) of silver — šana — it is (the price) of an ox. [x] shekels of silver — it is (the price) of a sheep. [One-third (of a mina) of] silver — šana — (and) 4 shekels ... (remainder broken)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 144

[x ... lamb(s)], suckling(?), (for/of) Ur-[...]damu; 1 female lamb, suckling(?), (for/of) Gegesi; 1 female lamb, suckling(?), ... [...] [...] [...] ... [...] 1 ... [...] (for/of) Ur-[...]; 2 ... [...] (for/of) Ur-[...].

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 148

3 loads (gu2) of ninni5-rush — [PN ...]-gi-[...]: [x] of it on hand (deposited); 2 (loads): La-gipum; 2 (loads): the son of A-kigal; 2 (loads): Puzurra; 1(?) (load): [...]; 3 (loads): [Nin-me]-sag(?); 3 of it on hand (deposited).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 153

[x] Ur-sag, [x] Aš-ne, 2: Lu-[...], 1: Ad-da, 1: Ur-dub-[la], [...]-ka(?) [...], [...]-a-bu-[...], 1: Lu-...-[...], 1: Ur-eš-[lila], 1: Lu-...-il. [Its total:] 25 (men).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

PBS 15, 20

(obverse) [n minas] of silver, [n] shekels — [...]-KAK-KAK (personal name); [n] shekels of silver — [...] ... ... [...] (Break) 1 bur3 3 iku of prime field (GAN2-mah): its purchase price — 10 shekels of silver.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

PSE 1, 1

676 gur-saggal of barley, 197 gur 1 barig 3 ban 10 (sila) of white emmer, — barley of the nig-ena (the lord's estate produce) — (from) the small field, the field of the Gu-edina, the subsistence plot of the ruler. En-iggal, the overseer, threshed it (lit. 'beat it with the flail'). Inim-du, the foreman, transferred it to him. Lugalanda(-nuhunga), ruler of Lagash. Year 2.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIAA 041

35 bur of land: property of the en (lord), (in) the field Huburum; 15 bur of field, taken out from the ŠA-zi (land); Total: 50 bur — property of the en, of (the god) Šul-šagana. Ur-[...] ... [...] [...] Lagash. 2(nd year?).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIAA 081

Lugal-abbamu, Ur-lumma, Dam-aba, 1 (person): Huhuma, Dingir-gabar, E-gaba-gire, A-geštin-su, E-gab-e, [...]-hu?-mi?-[...], [... remainder broken ...]

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.09.04.14, ex. 08

(First copy) [... For the goddess Inanna, Enannatum,] ruler of Lagash, fashioned KIB-objects for her, (and) for the Eanna he declared (dedicated) them to her. (Second copy, duplicate) [... the ruler] of Lagash fashioned KIB-objects for her, (and) for the Eanna he declared (dedicated) them to her.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.12.06.02, ex. add04

(Obverse) ... the prayer gathered in the heart which was spoken to him, which came to him — Giššakidu, the beloved shepherd, the beloved friend of Ištaran, the mighty ruler of Enlil, the king called by name by Inanna, constructed that (boundary) levee. (Reverse uninscribed/eroded)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.14.01, ex. 05

[When En]lil [truly] called him, and joined for him the en-ship together with the kingship, in Uruk he exercises the en-ship, in Ur he exercises the kingship — Lugal-ki[gine]-du[du], with great [joy ...] (remainder broken)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.14.01, ex. 09

For Enlil, king of all the lands, Lugal-kigine-[dudu] — when Enlil spoke truly to him (i.e., truly summoned him), and joined for him the en-ship [together with] the kingship — in [Uruk] [the en-ship (he exercised)]; [for his life] [he] dedicated (this vessel) [to him].

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.14.01, ex. 15

For Enlil, king of all the lands — for Lugal-kigine-dudu: when Enlil truly summoned him (called to him with a faithful voice), and the lordship (en-ship) together with the kingship he combined for him — in Uruk the lordship he exercises, and in Ur the kingship he exercises. Lugal-kigi[ne-dudu ...] (the text breaks off here; the remainder of the dedication is lost on this exemplar)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 04

(beginning lost) [...] may he (Enlil) look upon me [favorably]; the good fate (which the gods have decreed for me) — may they never alter it for me. May I forever be the foremost shepherd, standing at the head. Forever may [I be so]. For his life, to Enlil, his beloved king, he dedicated [this vessel].

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 10

(Beginning lost) [... lumaḫ-priest of the goddess] Nisaba, fed wholesome milk by Ninhursag, man of (the god) Mes-sanga-unug, attendant raised [by] Ningirim, the mistress of Uruk, chief steward of the gods — when Enlil, king of all the lands, (to) Lugalzagesi [gave the kingship of the Land ... (text breaks off)]

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 13

(vessel fragment; beginnings of all lines lost) [...] of [...], the exalted [...], for the [...]s, [when] Enlil, king of all the lands, to Lugalzagesi the [king]ship of the Land had [gi]ven, [and the eyes(?)] of the Land [he had directed toward him] ...

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 34

(Break) [... (Enlil, king of all the lands,) ...] the eyes of the land he directed toward him, all the foreign lands at his feet he placed, and from sunrise (the east) [to sunset (the west) he made them submit to him ...] (Break) ... [the s]ea(?) [...] king(?) [...] (Break)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 42

[nom]inated by name by the god Utu, chief minister of the god Suen — (before whom) the throne-holders of Sumer (and) the rulers of all the lands at Uru[k submitted to his princely authority] — ... [(the god Enlil,)] king of all the lands, to An, his beloved father, [may he speak his prayer(?)] [...] (remainder broken)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 43

(Break) [... looked] upon [truly] by [An], king of all the lands; chief ruler for [the god] Enlil; given wisdom by [the god] En[ki]; (Break) he raised [the head of Ur heavenward] (lit. "he raised up"); Larsa, the beloved city of Utu, he made rise in jubilation — he [...] (text breaks off)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 44

(Fragment of a longer titulary and dedication; preserved portion:) grand ruler (ensi) of [the god En]lil, given [wisdom by the god Enki], [... the nation, in joy,] made merry under him, the sovereigns (lit. 'thrones') of Sumer (and) the rulers of all the lands at Uruk [bowed down] to the divine powers of prince[ship] [...] (remainder lost)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 47

(beginning broken) [... beloved of the god Utu(?)] ... [...] with rejoicing [made merry] under him, [Umma], verily raised [its] horn [aloft]. (gap — intervening text lost) May the Land upon a fair place look, under me! The good fate which [they (An and Enlil)] have de[termined for me ...] (remainder broken)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 49

(beginning broken) [... he] set [it (all the lands at his feet)], from [the] rising of the sun (the east) to the setting of the sun (the west), he made (them) subject to him. At that time, [from the] Sea (the [Lower] Sea), from the [lower(?)] ..., Umma, the city [...], [of the god] Šara [...] (remainder broken)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 53

(beginning broken) [For Enlil, king of all the] lands(?), [Lugal]zagesi, king of Uruk, king of the Land [(kalam)], [išib-priest] of An, [...] (Break) at (his) feet [he laid the foreign lands(?)], he directed straight [the eyes of the Land toward him(?)], [from] the rising of the sun [...], [to] the setting of the sun [...], [En-... (Enlil? / lord ...)] (remainder broken)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.14.20.01, ex. 70

[... (cared for by the goddess Nin)]girima, mistress of Uruk, chief steward for the [god]s, [... En]lil ... [...] Larsa, the beloved city of Utu, [raised a cry of] jubilation.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RIME 1.15.add036.01, ex. 01

(Beginning broken) [...] [...] ... (trace) [...]-... (trace) [...] ... (trace) [...] ... (trace) ... [...] 70 (units of) barley [...] from the ...-goods, delivered [...] 2 shekels of silver, 2 (gur) 2 barig of barley, received (by the lid₂-ga measure), [n] + 10 [...] ...-goods [...] (Remainder broken)

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 025

6 minas of refined copper (arudu-copper), in order to purchase silver, Dadulul, the merchant, to Umma took. Baranamtara, the wife of Lugalanda, the ruler (ensi) of Lagash, from the palace weighed it out to him. (Year) 6.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 026

72 minas of aruda-copper — the aruda-copper is (the price) of barley; 20 minas — the aruda-copper is (the price) of cedar (resin); 96 minas — the aruda-copper is (the price) of scented oil; 26 minas — the aruda-copper is (the price) of emmer. (This is) the merchandise which from the land of Dilmun Ur-Enki, the merchant, to Dim-tur, the wife of the governor, brought. (Year/instance:) 1.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 036

5 tar-fish, 780 suhur-carp, 60 kimu-fish, 300 gir-fish of fresh water: (from) Nesag; 120 ubi-fish: (from) Lugal-šala-tuku. They are sea fishermen. It is fish for the (offering) table. In the month of 'sheep-plucking in the pen' they brought (it). En-iggal, the overseer, into the Women's House (É-munus) brought it in. 4th (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 037

2 talents of split adartun-fish, 5 bundles of agargara-fish (spawn, packed in rushes) — U-du, the fisherman of the sweet waters, in the month of the wool distribution brought (them). En-iggal, the overseer, into the storehouse delivered (them). (For) Bara-namtara, wife of Lugal-anda, ruler of Lagash. 4th (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 041

7 ewes, 3 female nim(?)-animals, 4 rams — sheep, the private property of Nin-tur. Lugal-nigani, the shepherd, the drover of Ka'a, took (them) out: 2 (units/head marked).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 043

1 stunted goat, as a masdaria-offering of the wife of the temple-administrator (sanga) of the god Nindara — to Baranamtara, in the month of the festival of malt-eating of (the goddess) Nanše, she delivered it. Enku, the animal-fattener, carried it off. (Year) 2.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 045

3 ewes, 7 female sheep — issued(?), 12 male lambs — issued(?), which came out from Lul-gu; they are lambs. At the plucking of the full-grown sheep, En-iggal, the overseer, set (them) aside. Ur-du, the chief herdsman, returned (them) into his own hand (i.e. took them back into his charge). It was not entered on the broad tablet; the deficit was not deducted from it. 3rd (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 057

168 gur (measured by) the gur-saggal standard of barley, 98 (gur) of white emmer: total: 266 gur (by) the gur-saggal standard. Barley, the property of En-entar-zi, ruler (ensi) of Lagaš. Lugal-pirig-tur, the temple administrator (sanga), had (it) threshed. (Year) 3.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 062

Deficit: 1 jar of pig-fat (lard) — Aḫi-li-nutil. 10 sila of oil — Nin-uma, mother of E-gissubi. 5 sila of oil — Nin-šešda, (consigned) to Ur-igi-ama the overseer. E-gissubi charged it to his account. (Year) 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 063

12 jars (and) 6 sila of pig-fat (lard): U'u. 1 jar (and) 2(?) sila: Gan-Baba. 1 (jar): Nin-asu. 1 (jar): Gissu. 1 (jar): Dam-da-nusa. Ur-igi-amaše, the overseer (nu-banda), in the house of the surveyor (the "man of the long rope") poured (it) out. (reverse / colophon) Uru-inimgina (Uru-KA-gina), king of Lagash — (year) 5.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 065

1 gur 2 barig 4 ban₂ of barley (by the gur-saggal measure), barley threshed with the sledge, of the field Dur-re-gar-ra; 1 barig 2 ban₂ of barley threshed with the sledge — it is of the field U-du-ku. En-iggal, the overseer, in the month "Sheep-for-barley of Ningirsu," from the courtyard storehouse delivered it to him. 3rd (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

StLouis 047

3 ban₂ of barley — the wife of Il₂, the fisherman; Lu-dun-a, Amar-[…]-da, Ur-[…]; [its] commissioner (maškim). 1 ban₂ of barley — provisions (níg-gu₇-a): Amar-gu₄; its overseer (ugula) has consumed (it); Šul-bi; [its] commissioner (maškim). 6 (units).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 1, 004

3 male heads (male slaves), they belong to the sanga (temple administrator); from Ibi'a Imaba'a [...] 1 1/2 mana of silver, 4 mana of silver, silver of the ašda; Lu-[x], En-[...], I-ḫulḫula, Ur-šul the governor (ensi), Geš-kulab — it is at his disposal (an-da-gal₂).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 1, 009

2 eše minus 1 iku of field — Me-su; 1 eše — Nigar; 2 eše 2 (iku) — Ur-sag-utu; 1 bur — ...-tir; [n] minus 1 iku — Me-su; ... [field], 2 1/2 iku of field; ... ... ... (the remaining signs are illegible) (Reverse: surface eroded; a few faint wedges survive in the upper part, no continuous text recoverable.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 1, 010

20 furrow-rows (of onions); mountain-onions (szum2 kur); [...]-elum; [10] onions(?) [...]; 35(?) crushed onions (szum2-gaz); 5 szum-sikil ("pure/white onion"); 10 onions of the tu-type; 80 (1 gesz2 20) furrow-rows of onions; sag-ki (heading / "foremost" entry).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 1, 012

1 gur of barley (?) Lugal-igi-du. 3 barig — for Me-ki-bi. 2 gur (?) — DU-HA-A-pa-e₃, the gala-priest. 2 gur 2 barig — the herald (nimgir).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 1, 017

[1 barig (of barley):] A-ka-du [1 barig:] E-dam-si DIB(?) — silver ... 1 barig: Lugal-ennun 1 barig: Ur-naru[a] Sag-zi, the overseer of the household 1 barig: Bulani, brother of Ki-e(?) (reverse: uninscribed / surface effaced)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 1, 019

1 cowhide, (from/by) Šu-agiam(?), Lu-na-[nam], [...] the house of [...], delivered. Month: Šu-gar. (In the governorship of) Mes-ki-gal[a], governor (ensi) of Adab.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 1, 023

56 (lit. 60 less 4) gu-loads of ninni-reed; 10 zibatum, LAGAB(-measure); Ur-gu; (for) the city wall — deliv[ery]. Month: A[ki]ti. Mes-kigal[la], governor of Adab, from the cedar mountain [recei]ved.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TCBI 2/1, 02

35 male workers, second (grade) — Di-[Utu]; 30 [...]; 31 — Amar-šuba; 26 — Ur-ildu; 36 — [...]-zi; [21] — Ur-saman, the vizier (sukkal); 36 — A-zu-zu. Total: 215 male workers, second (grade).

1…60 61 62…2046