Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Menu

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Privacy policy Terms of use llms.txt Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Search

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

3,164 of 102,257 tablets · 4 filters activeClear filters

951–1000 of 3164

Page 20 / 64

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Erm 14335

50 head of si-U-NU (a fish/animal designation), 12 gab₂-il₂ (carriers) of fish — (for) Lugal-me-gal-gal, (from) the fisherman A-ses. Month: 'sheep-for-barley-and-water of Ningirsu.' En-iggal, the overseer, into the women's household delivered (it). Bara-namtara, wife of Lugal-anda, ruler (ensi₂) of Lagash. Year 3.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FAOS 15/2, 125

[x wool, sheep's back-wool] — [for Nimgireš]'atum, the administrator ("man of accounts"); 3 men, boat-haulers, carrying — sheep's back-wool, 1 (unit) each, [they received]. (These are) the men who are barley-irrigators (water-bringers for the grain). Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, ruler of Lagash — she gave (it) to them; 2nd (delivery/occasion).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Genava 26, 5

1 jar of fine oil, oil (as) maš-da-re-a offering, for the shepherds of the nanny-goats. 1 jar (and) 3 sila3 of nanny-goat oil, 1 barig 1 ban2 of ga'ar-cheese (curd), (for) A-inun. 10 sila3 oil, (for) Ur-Ebabbar, nanny-goat oil, for the shepherds of the nanny-goats, (under) Lugal-anda. [...] (break) In the house of the festival (e2-ezem-da), to Ur-igi-ama, the manager (nu-banda3), he delivered/poured out: 6.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 04

40 gur (and) 3 ban2 barley, gur-saggal (measure) — barley rations of the porters (and) the blind, (recorded) on various tablets. 34 gur 2 barig ... barley rations of the female workers (and) children. [10] 30 3 gur less 2 ban2 barley (for) bread, regular offering, monthly. 15 gur barley, its bar-bi-gal2 (portion). Total: 132 gur 2 barig 1 ban2(?) barley, gur-saggal (measure) — barley rations, barley for bread, of the people of (the household of) Baba. Uru-KA-gina, king of Lagash, from the granary of Baba he gave to them; (year) 5.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 43

1 (each): Uru-KA-gina-Enlil-le-su 1 (each): Uru-KA-gina-Ningirsu-ke4-su 1 (each): Uru-KA-gina-Nanše-su — men who stand (in service) for A-en; Lugal-ešdugana, with the scribe, resided/remained — 3 (total).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 44

7 split fish, 1 pig hide of the reed marsh (gešgi): delivery of the fishermen of Baba; (to) the E2-UR2 (storehouse/foundation-house); overseer: E-da-ku(x). 6.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 45

10 sheep hides, plucked (wool removed) — bar-sar-ra. 2 hides — UL LAK470-ri-de3. Amar-Ašnan, for/to the leatherworker. En-iggal, the overseer (nu-banda3). Month: 'nig2-ka-i7-ka-ka' (the canal-mouth/canal-completion month). From the E2-munus (the Women's Household/estate). He gave (it) to him: 1 (total/unit — ASZxDISZ notation).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 47

10 fattened nanny-goats, 2 steppe (open-country) nanny-goats, nanny-goats led/driven, (under) Ur-Baba, is the fattener. En-iggal, the overseer — (at) the storehouse of the orchard/garden it was proclaimed (called out). Nanny-goats, produce, of (the estate/goddess) Baba. Sasa, wife of Uru-KA-gina (Uruinimgina), king of Lagash. 7 (numeral notation ASZxDISZ).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 48

5(asz@c) gur4-gur4-vessels of fine beer (kaš sig15) — its imgaga3(-malt-product): 3 ban2, its munu4 (malt): 5 ban2, its bappir (beer bread): 3 ban2 — (for) the festival "barley-eating" (ezem-še-gu7) of Nanše. The regular offering (sa2-du11), having been brought/deposited (ru-a), was poured out (ba-sur), into the palace (e2-gal-la) it was brought (ba-de6), consumed (gu7-a) — (by/for) Amar-giri16, the brewer (lu2 lunga), 5(units).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 50

12 gur 2 barig of seed-grain (measured in) gur-saggal (the standard 'big gur' measure): Inimanizi, the chief plowman (sag-apin) — to the field 'Saga-tur' ("Good-Little(-Field)") he carried (it). Month: 'ga2-udu-ur4' ("shearing of sheep"). Enigal, the manager (nubanda), from the e2-ki-sal4-la (storehouse/threshing-floor building) set it out for him. 6.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

JCS 46, 011

4 sheep, dry(-fleece) wool — (for/from) Nigar-mud; 1 sheep — Ur-Uru'a, the governor; sheep whose wool was sheared on shearing day, set aside at the edge/boundary; silver, 5 shekels each, was placed against their necks (charged to their account). Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, governor of Lagash. Year 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0003

1(geš2) HU-wool [i.e. 60 units of HU-grade wool]; 283 wool-rations, large (grade); 590 (= 600 minus 10) wool-rations, second (us2) grade; 84 wool (belonging to) Ur-[x]-HA-NI-a; 1 [...] [6? ...] sila3, total [...]; 1 (unit of) bar-udu, wool of bar-dul5-type. Grand total: 1,025 (units) bar-udu wool. (Under authority of) Šulme, the steward (agrig), in the palace, was weighed out (disbursed). [...] (Year:) Lugalanda, ensi2 (ruler) of Lagash, year 3.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0007

1 barig 2 ban2: cow's cheese/curd. [x] ... emmer wheat. (break) [x ... cow's cheese/curd] (restored) [x] ... emmer wheat. Ur-Ninmar. 2 barig 3 ban2: cow's cheese/curd. Ur-Eshirnun — they are cowherds. Ur-igi-ama-she, the overseer, measured (it) out. Urukagina, king of Lagash. 5 (units, notation |ASZxDISZ@t|).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0009

1 jug (of) suspended/measured-out fat, pig fat — (for) Nin-asu. 2 (units): Ninanesi. 2 (units): Geme-dug. 2 sila(?) (of) Ganbaba. 2 hides/leather ...[...] Ahi-[linutil].

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0932

[Deficit: x shekels of refined] silver. ... document/tablet of ..., it is the field of Huburuma. To Ur-igi-ama, the overseer (nu-banda3), in the house of the man of the measuring-rope (the surveyor), it was declared. When the account was rendered with him, it was placed upon his account (as debt): 6 (units).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MCS 4, 012 01

91 nanny goats, 1 kid, in good condition, 1 he-goat, in good condition, (under) Amar-ezem, Ur-nuda, Edalu. Urukagina, king of Lagash. 7 (notation: ASZxDISZ numeral sign)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 002

4 hides, male sheep; 6 hides, male lambs; 3 hides, [......]; 7(?) [...... hides ......]; 20(?) [...... hides,] kid(s), [......]; the harbor official (en-ku3), by the fattener (kuruszda) — month: festival of Baba — returned into (his) hand. (Transaction of) Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, ruler of Lagash. Year 2.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 004

10 gur barley, sag-gal measure (i.e. of the 'large-head' capacity standard) — as much as its portion (bar) is (still) outstanding/available — Lugalanda — (from/of) the storehouse 'E-gišubidu' ("House-whose-shade-is-good") — to the man, the brewer — he set (it) out for him. 4 (notation).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 010

1 hide of ox, hide of calf — for the plow('s fitting/harness) — allotted (ba-PAD-PAD). 2 hides of ox — for the good chariot — disbursed/weighed out (ba-la2). 2 hides of ox — for the IG-NI-du10 (object/fitting) — disbursed/weighed out (ba-la2). Month: 'Granary Heaped Up' (guru7 dub-ba-a). Was consumed/allotted (ba-gu7). [......] (traces, illegible).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 012

Basket of tablets: Barley of the nig₂-en-na (obligatory/lordly dues), of the field, (concerning) the transfer(s); (concerning) transfer(s) to the storehouse (ganuna) — [it is on hand / in her custody]. [Bara-namtara], wife of Lugal-anda, ensi₂ (governor) [of Lagash — n (tablets)].

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 917

11 bar-dul5 garments — (of) the weaver(s) — for Ur-igi-ama, the overseer (nu-banda3). Month: 'the granary, the clay (tablet) opened' [iti guru7 im-du8-a]. Šulbi — he counted for him: 3.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 918

1/3 mana of za-KU wool — (for) Ur-Ninpirig, the leatherworker. 10 shekels — Ur-igi, the overseer. 10 shekels — Šullu. 15 shekels — ŠUL-bi2. Ur-igi, the captain (nu-banda3). (At) the house of the man of the surveying-rope (surveyor). Month: 'Festival of malt-eating' of Nanše, in the gu2-ne-ne-a (storeroom), [it was placed/deposited].

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 919

Obverse (arranged in two columns of cases, read top to bottom, right column then left, per archaic tablet convention): 1. [...] ..., split/processed 2. [...] ..., poured (libated) 3. [... ...], poured (libated) 4. [...] gir-fish, split/processed 5. 20(?) [...], gestu(-fish/ear-item), split/processed 6. 140 (2(gesz2) 2(u)), gestu(-fish/ear-item), poured (libated) 7. 20, bitumen (esir) 8. 1, KA-lu-ub2 9. 2, zubud 10. 480(?) (8(gesz2)#?), [...], [...] 11. 70 (1(gesz2) 1(u)), tar 12. 20, nu-tar 13. 15, ki-zi 14. 6, garig (REC333) (Reverse: blank/uninscribed — no cuneiform signs, only the modern…

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 005

[x] 1(u@c)(?) bundles of reed ... 43 bundles of reed [...] cut reed(s) [...] (break) ... "good word" (Inim-duga) 5(gešʼ2) [= 300] bundles of reed cut reed(s) ... (break) It is the 2nd granary. Total: [x] 2 šár 8 geš2 [= 7,680+x] bundles of reed. Enigal, the overseer (nu-banda3). [...] (break) (To) the storehouse "House at the Edge of the City": delivered: 1.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 009

Its area: 1 bur3, 1 eše3, 4 iku, (of) iku(-measure). [...the] nig₂-en-na(-goods) [...] ... [...] ... [...] ... 3 reeds(?) ... matching/aligned heads (sag-sa2) Its area: 1 barig, 1 ban2, ... 30 sar ... its area: 1 barig, šag-TAR ... (illegible) Ur-šul adjoining (the watercourse) Imnun, at Akita.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 012

20: wool-workers (lu2 siki), 2 minas (each). Ur-lumma, son of PI-EN: was given (to him). 10: mug-garments (tug2 mug), Enku, the fisherman: was given (to him). The hired man(s) (lu2 hun-ga2): [...] ... Month: Akiti.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 016

[...]-ke4 (subject/commodity, broken — ergative marker) [Gu]abba (place name, partly broken) for/under the account of Geme-Baba — [...] NU DISZ (signs broken, function unclear) [...] ...-ra (broken) En-iggal, the overseer (nu-banda3), from the storehouse at the edge of the city, gave to him/her: 3 (units).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 017

1 lamsag-leather (sack), 10 (units) — in the house, the great granary that is built, [are on hand]. 4 hoes, 49 teeth of the field-harrow (GAN2-ur3) — in the tilluba(-storeroom) are on hand. 1 leather ball, 3 [...] [...] [...] its/that ...-ka he/it brought (na-i3-mi-ri) Puzur-Mama, the farmer.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 018

4 gur saggal of barley — barley of the field of Uru'a — Enigal, the overseer, (into) the granary of Baba, in Lagash. isi: 2.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 020

[x (x)] jars. [1(gur)?] 2(barig) barley, (in) gur-measure. 1(gur)? 2(barig): Ur-šul. 8(gur) 2(barig)?: jars. 1(gur) 3(barig): Ur-gu. 10 (gur) minus 1(barig): jars. 2(gur): Iri-ki-du10. 6(gur): jars. 2(gur) 3(barig): Ur-e2. 5(gur) minus 1(barig): jars. 1(gur): Ur-ur.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 066

279 (4×60 + 40 minus 1) ewes, 16 e3-li, 84 (60 + 20 + 4) male sheep (rams), [...] Lala, to the shepherd — were given.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 091

1 gur 2 barig barley — new loan. Ur-gula, the carpenter. 1 gur — Lugal-uma, Nene, the temple administrator. 2 barig — Nin-nigani, son of Ari.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 094

n(+) 21(?) gur saggal of barley (head-measure) — Ur-abzu. Barley, at that place, filled (si). 6 gur 2 barig — barley (of) TAR-USZ. 7 gur 2 barig, filled — barley, at the place of [...], (of) AL-abzu. 2 barig — PU₃-SAR(?), ...(?). 2 gur — Amar-abzu. U₄-sa. [n] gur 2 barig — Amar-abzu. 1 gur — Ur-...-ka. Barley (of) Ha-mul.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

N 0290

2 barig(c) of u2-hab2-plant; 10 (units), disbursed (ba); 1 furrow-measure (absin3) of cedar aromatic-resin (šembi/šim erin-na); from [PN(?)], to Kish; [...] -tu; [...] -built/-du3; was given (to him) / An-na-šum. Month: "Silver-ŠIM" (ku3-ŠIM); day 10 having passed.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 007

1 (person): Lugal-da-nu-me-a 1 (person): A-bad-mu 1 (person): Lugal-dingir-mu They died. 1 (person): Dingir-kalga — the ruler (ensi2) took (him) away. They are the female workers of Baba. 1 (person): Muni-kalama 1 (person): E-ta-e11 They died. They are the female workers of Tar-sirsira. 1(broken numeral sign)?

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 033

3 bur3 field(s), grain-grown, tenant plowland (apin-la2), having 10 — field of Ha-hara-gur, its total: (by) the scribe. Field of [Urum], (of) Bara-[namtara], wife of Lugal-[an]da, [ruler] of Lagash: En-[ig-gal], the manager (nubanda), measured (the field); (total) 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 034

150 1/2 5 gi (rods) — the long side, aligned/verified; 60 gi (rods) — the front (short side), aligned/verified. Its area: 4 bur3 3 iku — the field "Tug-siga" ("cloth-filled" field). 120 1/2 gi (rods) — the long side, aligned/verified; 10 1/2 2 gi (rods), 3 kuš3 (cubits) — the front (short side), aligned/verified. Its area: 1 bur3 2 iku — the "Kigal" field ("high-ground/socle" field). Field of the household-estate (nig2-en-na). Field set aside for the donkeys. Subsistence-allotment (šuku) of the ensi2 (ruler-governor). En-iggal, the nu-banda3 (inspector/overseer). Surveyed (mu-gid2): 4(?).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 036

1 bur3, 1 eše3, 2 1/4 iku, 8 sar (and) one-third of 10 (sar) — the field's (area): a barley-growing field, under plow-lease (tenancy). Its barley: 131 gur 2 barig 4 ban2, by the saggal (standard) measure, at the regular (si-sa2) rate. Ur-du6, the chief herdsman (šusz3). Field of Lugal-ra-mu-gi4, from (the holding of) Nam-engar. Inim-Enlila-andab, (and) Lu-Baba, the farmers, measured (it). 4 (entry/occasion marker).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 037

6 bur3 2 iku field: barley. 1 bur3 2 eše3 3 1/2 1/4 iku field: white emmer. 3 iku field, 20 sar field: wheat. 35 sar: NE-GI-bar barley. Total: 8 bur3 3 1/4 iku field — barley, wheat, (and) emmer. Field of Alimu: 1 (plot). 20 1/2 3 gi-reeds (and) 3 cubits: matching width (sag). 1(aš) 30 1/2 5 gi-reeds: matching length (us2). Its field: 1 bur3 1 eše3 2 iku, adjoining Da-UD-NE. 5 bur3 less 1/2 iku field: barley. 1 bur3 2 eše3 field: white emmer. Field of the ki-ul ('holy/ancient place'): without a holder. Šubur, the manager (nu-banda3). Surveyed (mu-gid2): 1.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 055

125 gur saggal minus 1 ban2 — barley rations, barley of Šulšagana. 141 minus 1 ban2 — barley rations, (of) the house of Baba, (of) the house of Šulšagana, from the gate-house of Baba, (which) was built — its allotment: 6.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 056

2 barig barley rations: Nin-ti-men. 1 barig 2 ban2: Nin-mar-lu-mu. 1 barig 2 ban2: Ur-e. 2 barig: U-U. 3 ban2: Nin-mudakush. 2 barig pig-barley (barley for the pigs): Nin-mudakush. Total: 2 gur 1 barig 1 ban2, by the standard gur (gur-saggal). Barley rations, barley allotted (as an issue), for the people who have no subsistence-field allotment (šuku). Shubur-tur, the manager (nu-banda3), disbursed to them: 1 (numeral-sign ASZxDISZ); it is the 10th (disbursement).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 058

1(gešʼu) 1(geš2) 2(u) 2(aš) 2(barig) 2(ban2) — barley rations, big-gur (measure) RU-lugal of Ningirsu Urukagina ruler of Lagash [Enigal] the overseer gave (it) to them day 2 it is (year) 4

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 065

6 gur, 1 barig of seed-grain (measured by the “saggal”/chief gur-standard) — for U2-U2 (and) Udu'e — who have no GAN2-UL field, was delivered (ba-de6). Eniggal, the overseer (nubanda), from the house of Kisala (e2-ki-sal4-la) allotted it for them. 6.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 066

2 gur 5 ban2 barley (in the sag-gal / "large-head" measure) — barley for regular offerings/rations, for 3 days, for Ur-igi-ama, the overseer (nu-banda3), from the New House (granary) — was issued/set out. (Tally notation:) 3 placed(?) — 8 (numeral sign).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 069

3 gur (saggal-standard) barley, oxen-fodder, consumed — Ur-enki. 3 gur — Saga-tuku'a. [3 gur] — Ane-kura. 3 gur — Inim-ani-zi. They are chief-plowmen. Total: 12 gur (saggal-standard) barley. Barley for the tugx(LAK483), finished/filled, consumed, for the field bordering the tir-amma forest (the poplar/Amma-forest edge). Eniggal, the manager (nubanda), from the market-house (e2-ganba) he disbursed it. 6.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 070

2 gur 3 ban2 emmer, by the saggal ("chief") measure — [emmer-seed] for the (person) [lacking a share] in the GAN2-UL field: U2-U2, the ušdura (u2-du-ra), (by) En-iggal, the nubanda (overseer), month: "sheep-shearing" (ga2-udu-ur4), from the Ki-sala storehouse (e2 ki-sal4-la) it was issued — 4th (entry/time).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 071

10 gur (main-standard measure) white emmer-wheat, 5 gur 1 barig 1 ban2 barley — of the new harvest/threshing — barley brought from the field, hauled (by sledge): it was disbursed (in exchange); received. 2 gur white emmer-wheat, its exchange-emmer: 1 barig — for the sheep, barley (and) water of Ningir[su], was carried; received. Ursag, the gal-UN (official), (and) Šubur, the overseer (nu-banda3) — from the market-house (e2-ganba) he set (this) out for him. 5.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 072

[x] minus 4 ban2 barley — [x]-nam — gur-saggal (measure). From the house of the courtyard, it was disbursed. 3 gur barley, U2-U2 (barley/plant-type), it is the steward's. Seed-grain, ox-fodder barley, for the good small field — Nin-girsu-lu-mu, the hauling-worker (lu2-dun-a), for Inimanizi. Month: 'Festival of barley-eating,' (festival) of Ningirsu. [x x]-u2 (broken).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 073

16 gur 2 barig barley, gur-saggal (the large standard measure) — barley for the donkeys to eat. Year(?): [...] for Nin-[...]ki(?) — garment(s): ... garment [...] [Mesan]du(?) [...]

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Nik 1, 075

3 gur barley (saggal-standard measure). Barley for the oxen to eat; 'si-ga' garments (tugx). For the (surveyed) total of the field(s): Ur-Enki, the ox-herdsman — Ur-Ninpirig (in) the month 'Guranabimu' (oxen-fattening month) delivered (it) to him. Enigal, the overseer, from the storehouse of the courtyard issued (it). Total: 3.

1…19 20 21…64