Position in chronology
AAICAB 1/2, pl. 109, 1937-084
Not yet translated
This tablet is catalogued with its transliteration and photographed, but no published translation exists yet. Our translation engine works through the untranslated corpus every night, oldest first — this page will update the day its turn comes. If you are a specialist and can read it, we would love your help.
The world it comes from
A bureaucratic golden age, the Code of Ur-Nammu.
Transliteration
1(u) sze gur lugal sze gub-ba ki lugal-nesag-e-ta 1(u) x 2(asz) ziz2 gur gu2-edin#?-na#?-ta 5(asz) sze a-sza3 la2-tur-ta 2(asz) 2(barig) e2 szu-tum-ta nigar-ki-du10 szu ba-ti 2(u) 3(asz) x a-ra2 3(disz)-kam gu2-edin-na-ta 6(asz) 2(barig) sze gur 2(asz) 2(barig) ziz2 gur ki ARAD2-ta kiszib3 ur-nigar sa2-du11 en-ki mu si-mu-ru-um# lu-lu-bum2 a-ra2 1(u) la2 1(disz) ba-hul
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AAICAB 1/2, pl. 109, 1937-084. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK (P248695) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P248695..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.