Position in chronology
TCBI 2/2, 37
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P381691.
Transliteration
1(disz) 1/2(disz) sar 2/3(disz)# gin2#? gurusz-bi 1(u) 3(disz)-am3# 5/6(disz) sar 5(disz) lu2-suen 5/6(disz) sar 5(disz) lu2-si4 1(disz) sar 7(disz) 1/2(disz) gin2 a-sza3# gurusz#-[bi n] lu2-isin2# [...] [...]-ne [...]-tum gurum2-ak sza3 ki-kiri6-gibil-gu-la giri3 ARAD2-mu iti ab-e3 u4 8(disz) ba-zal
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — TCBI 2/2, 37. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Banca d'Italia, Rome, Italy (P381691) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P381691..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.