Position in chronology
AAS 168
Not yet translated
This tablet is catalogued with its transliteration and photographed, but no published translation exists yet. Our translation engine works through the untranslated corpus every night, oldest first — this page will update the day its turn comes. If you are a specialist and can read it, we would love your help.
The world it comes from
A bureaucratic golden age, the Code of Ur-Nammu.
From the same catalogue range (near P100148)
Transliteration
4(ban2) la2 1(disz) sila3 en-nu 2(ban2) 5(disz) gin2 szu-szul-gi 8(disz) sila3 4(disz) gin2 tab-be-li2 u3 dan-num2 4(disz) sila3 2(disz) gin2 gu3-de2-a mar-tu 8(disz) sila3 2(disz) gin2 i-di3-a 4(disz) sila3 SIG7-a 4(disz) sila3 1(disz) [n gin2 x-x]-i3-li2 2(ban2) 2(disz) gin2 puzur4-suen 8(disz) sila3 4(disz) gin2 lu2-u2-me 1(ban2) 2(disz) gin2 u2-bur-li 5(disz) sila3 2(disz) gin2 lu2-bala-sa6 ur-gigir ra2-gaba-da du u4 2(u) 7(disz)-kam iti GAN2-masz
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AAS 168. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: College de France, Paris, France (P100148) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100148..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.