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Page 4 / 32
~2100 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
URU-KA-gina 34add
(i 1') ... were the rulerś onion plots. (i 5') The team donkeys and the unblemished oxen .... (ii 1') Bau became the owner of all the households and fields of the female (members' of the ruler's family). ... all the households fields of the (ruler's) children. (iii 1') The ... of Niĝin are (entitled to) 180 loaves of bread and and 1 mud vessel of beer. (iii 5') The double men's toll through the gate (of the netherworld) is revoked.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth~2100 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Utuk/Uhub 1
(1) For Zababa, Uhub, ruler of Kiš, ....
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2072 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial
CUSAS 03, 1039
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — CUSAS 03, 1039. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y23 — Simurrum destroyed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Daily LifeEconomy
~2072 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial
CUSAS 03, 1040
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — CUSAS 03, 1040. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y23 — Simurrum destroyed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Daily LifeEconomy
~2072 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial
TMH NF 1-2, 350
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — TMH NF 1-2, 350. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y23 — Simurrum destroyed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Daily LifeEconomy
~2069 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial
CDLI School Texts 004870, ex. 003
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — CDLI School Texts 004870, ex. 003. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y26 — Harši destroyed based on canonical year-name formula in the trans…
Writing & LiteratureDaily Life
~2069 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial
NYPL 142
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — NYPL 142. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y26 — Harši destroyed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Daily LifeEconomy
~2057 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial
M.80.031.00
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — M.80.031.00. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y38 — Year after: The Amorite wall was built based on canonical year-name formula in the tran…
EconomyWriting & Literature
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Amar-Suena 10
Dedicatory curse clause invokes Nanna and Ningal against anyone who displaces the statue, preserving the standard Ur III formula for protecting royal monuments through divine sanction rather than human enforcement.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Amar-Suena 12
Records Amar-Suena's construction of a royal jail at Ur — one of the earliest explicit textual attestations of a dedicated carceral institution in Mesopotamian history.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Amar-Suena 15
Dedicatory inscription of Amar-Suena for Enki's Abzu temple at Eridu, attesting the third Ur III king's building programme and his claim to universal rule under Enlil's authority.
Religion & MythWriting & Literature
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Amar-Suena 16
Records Amar-Suena's foundation of the first ĝipar (high-priestess residence) at Karzida, attesting the Ur III crown's active role in extending Nanna's cult into previously unserved cult centres.
Religion & MythWriting & Literature
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Amar-Suena 18
Preserves a royal titulary of Amar-Suena — 'king of Urim, king of the four quarters' — attesting the ideological claim to universal sovereignty that defined Ur III kingship at its height.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Amar-Suena 2009
A private votive dedication by a scribe's wife to the goddess Lamma, it attests the personal piety of literate households under Amar-Suena and the role of women as independent dedicants in Ur III religious life.
Religion & MythWriting & Literature
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Amar-Suena 21
Dedicatory inscription naming Taddin-Eštar as a royal child of Amar-Suena, adding a personal name to the otherwise sparse prosopography of the Ur III royal family.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Ibbi-Suen 01
Ibbi-Suen's own account of fortifying Ur's walls — the defensive building programme of the last king of the Ur III dynasty, undertaken as Amorite pressure and internal fragmentation were already straining the empire he claimed to rule.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Ibbi-Suen 2014
Dedicatory inscription naming Ibbi-Suen's personal deity Mešlamta-ea: one of the few surviving epigraphic witnesses to the personal piety of Ur III's last king before Ur fell to the Elamites.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šu-Suen 03
Records Šu-Suen's systematic disposal of conquered populations — blinded men assigned to temple orchards, women to textile mills — documenting the Ur III state's institutionalised exploitation of war captives as temple labour.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šu-Suen 2018
Dedicates a bronze axe to the god Šara on behalf of Šu-Suen, attesting the votive inscription habit by which Ur III officials tied personal piety to royal legitimacy.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šu-Suen 27
A fragmentary royal inscription of Šu-Suen attesting the standard Ur III ideological formula linking kingship to Enlil's personal favour — evidence of how the dynasty legitimised rule through divine election language.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 03
Dedicatory inscription recording Šulgi's construction of the E-ḫursaĝ palace-temple at Ur, attesting royal building patronage as a mechanism of divine legitimacy in the Ur III state.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 06
Attests Šulgi's building works at the E-ana temple complex in Uruk, linking his patronage of Inana's cult to his claim over the dual title 'king of Sumer and Akkad.'
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 09
Attests Šulgi's construction of the E-šeššeše-ĝara for Nanše at Lagash, placing royal temple-building patronage at the intersection of Ur III statecraft and the goddess's traditional role as divine judge of social justice.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 10
Dedicates the E-šeššeše-ĝara temple to Nanše, goddess of social justice and boundaries, placing Šulgi's building patronage within the religious infrastructure that legitimised Ur III royal authority.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 100add
Attests Šulgi's patronage of Martu, the Amorite deity, inside a Sumerian royal titulary — evidence that Ur III kings co-opted tribal gods to consolidate legitimacy on their western frontier.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 13
Dedicatory inscription recording Šulgi's construction of Ninmarki's temple E-munus-gisa at Ĝirsu, anchoring the king's patronage of local cults within his broader claim to rule all Sumer and Akkad.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 15
Dedicatory inscription anchoring Šulgi's construction of the Bagara temple to Ninĝirsu at Lagash — evidence that the Ur III kings extended royal building patronage to cults beyond their capital at Ur.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 20
Attests Šulgi's construction of the E-dur-anki, anchoring his building program at Ur to the goddess Inana and the ideological fusion of military power with divine patronage in the Ur III state.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 2001
Votive dedication to Ninhursaĝa naming Šulgi by his full titulary — 'king of Sumer and Akkad' — attesting the ideological claim to universal kingship that defined Ur III imperial identity.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 2032
A priestly dedication to Ninmarki and Nanše for Šulgi's well-being, attesting how Ur III cult officials used votive inscriptions to link temple service with royal legitimacy.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 22
Attests Šulgi's full titulary — 'king of Urim, king of Sumer and Akkad' — one data point in the composite epigraphic record mapping how Ur III rulers projected sovereignty across a unified southern Mesopotamia.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 34
Dedicatory inscription naming Šullat and Haniš — storm-deity pair better known as heralds of the Flood in later myth — as recipients of a royal temple built by Šulgi, attesting their independent cult under Ur III patronage.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 39 (and Šulgi 45)
Attests Šulgi's full royal titulature — 'king of Urim, king of Sumer and Akkad' — the ideological formula by which the Ur III dynasty claimed sovereignty over the entire known civilised world.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 40
One of the royal inscriptions of Šulgi — the Ur III king who standardized weights, measures, and law — attesting his titulary as 'king of Urim' across multiple manuscript witnesses.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 41
One of the composite royal inscriptions of Šulgi of Ur III, attesting the titulary and self-presentation of a king whose 48-year reign shaped Sumerian administrative and literary culture around 2094–2046 BCE.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 66
A dedicatory inscription to Inana naming Šulgi as king of Ur, attesting the ideological fusion of divine patronage and royal legitimacy at the height of Ur III imperial power.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 88
Dedicatory bead inscription to Ninlil naming Šulgi's child Ninturturĝu: the curse clause attests the legal-religious mechanism Ur III kings used to protect monuments from later erasure or usurpation.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Šulgi 89
Attests Šulgi's paternity of Simat-Enlil, anchoring one royal daughter within the Ur III dynastic genealogy that scribes used to legitimise political marriages and temple appointments.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1001
A fragmentary Ur III royal inscription attesting the titulary 'king of Sumer and Akkad' and palace-building ideology — evidence for how Ur III rulers projected legitimacy through construction dedications.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1004
A fragmentary Ur III royal inscription attesting the title 'king of Sumer and Akkad' and construction of a storehouse: one of many such dedications that collectively map the building programs asserting Ur III sovereignty.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1007
One of the surviving Ur III royal inscription fragments attesting the standard curse formula against erasure of a ruler's name — thin but direct evidence for how Sumerian kings legally protected their monumental dedications.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1009
One of the surviving composite witnesses to an Ur III royal inscription asserting dominion over Sumer and Akkad — the titular formula through which Third Dynasty kings legitimised their territorial sovereignty.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1010
One of the fragmentary Ur III royal inscriptions preserved in the ETCSRI corpus (Q001880), attesting — even in damaged form — to the administrative or dedicatory conventions of Sumerian kingship c. 2050 BCE.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1011
One of the fragmentary Ur III royal inscriptions preserved in the ETCSRI corpus (Q001881); its surviving signs offer minimal but datable epigraphic evidence for Sumerian royal scribal practice ca. 2050 BCE.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1017
Dedicatory inscription on a mace head presented to the moon-god Nanna at his Ur temple, the E-kiš-nu-ĝal: one of many such votive texts that map the ritual economy binding Ur III kings to their patron deity.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1030
A votive vessel dedication from an Ur III king of Ur invokes Utu as enforcer against inscription-erasers — attesting the legal-religious mechanisms kings used to protect their monumental legacy.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1035
A votive dedication by a royal guard captain to the moon-god Nanna, attesting the Ur III practice of subordinate officials commissioning inscriptions that linked their own piety to the king's titulature.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1036
One of the surviving Ur III royal dedications to the moon-god Nanna, attesting the formulaic piety through which Sumerian kings legitimised their rule at Ur.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1037
One of the reconstructed composite Ur III royal inscriptions in ETCSRI (Q001906), preserving a dedicatory address to Ninkugnuna that attests the goddess's role as a named patron deity in Sumerian royal piety.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth
~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI
Unattributed Ur III 1043
Votive dedication by a governor of Nippur to secure divine favour — one of many such formulaic inscriptions that collectively map the administrative hierarchy beneath Ur III kings.
Writing & LiteratureReligion & Myth