Syracuse 301

~2060 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P130852

Translation · reference

Experimental

Source: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P130852.

Why it matters

Transliteration

3(disz) gurusz muhaldim
u4 2(u) 5(disz)-sze3
ma2 a-bu-ma uri5-sze3!
ib2-gid2
4(disz) gurusz u4 2(u)-sze3#
erin2 gaba ba-szi-[me]-e-sze3 bala-a
lu2# di-ni-li2
mu an-sza-an ba-hul
[di]-ni-li2
dub-sar
dumu lu2-kukku2#

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Syracuse 301. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y35 — Anšan destroyed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Attribution

Image: Syracuse University Library, Syracuse, New York, USA (P130852) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P130852..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.