Position in chronology
UCP 09-02-1, 074
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P135978.
Transliteration
1(u) gu4# szu-gid2 2(disz) gu4 ba-usz2 e2#-muhaldim mu aga3-us2-e-ne-asz ARAD2-mu maszkim u4 7(disz)-kam ki en-lil2-la2-ta ba-zi giri3 nu-ur2-iszkur dub-sar [iti] ezem-me-ki-gal2 [mu] en nanna kar#-zi-da ba-hun nu-[ur2-iszkur] dumu szu-iszkur szusz3# lugal
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — UCP 09-02-1, 074. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA (P135978) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P135978..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.