TRU 303

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P135067

Translation — curated editorial

Editorial

Experimental

Editorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P135067.

Transliteration

1(disz) na2 umbin gu4-a-am zabar gar-ra sza3-szum siki-gi se3-ga
al-la-sza-ru-um ummeda me-isztaran dumu-munus lugal
in-ba
giri3 a2-bi2-li2 ra2#-gaba me-isztaran dumu-munus lugal
ki a-hu-ni-ta
ba-zi
sza3 tum-ma-al
iti szu-esz5-sza
mu en nanna-amar-suen-ra-ki-ag2 an-na ba-hun
1(disz)

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — TRU 303. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: Institut Catholique, Paris, France (P135067) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P135067..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.