Position in chronology
Aegyptus 26, 154 02
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100235.
Transliteration
1(disz) lu2 szu-ma-mi-tum 1(ban2) 5(disz) sila3 lu2 [kin]-gi4-a 1(ban2) 7(disz) sila3 sukkal lugal 8(disz) sila3 a-zu 5(disz) sa2-du11 3(disz) sila3 sze udul2 4(disz) sila3 esza szunigin 2(disz) zi3-gu saga szunigin 1(barig) 2(ban2) 2(disz) sila3 dabin szunigin 4(disz) sila3 esza u4 2(u) 1(disz)-kam
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Aegyptus 26, 154 02. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Museo di Antichità di Torino, Turin, Italy (P100235) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100235..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.