Chapter 04 · 2112 – 2004 BCE
Ur III · Neo-Sumerian
A bureaucratic golden age, the Code of Ur-Nammu.
~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2034add / CDLI Seals 000245 (CDLI Seals 000245 (composite))
In plain English
Amar-Suena — mighty king of Ur, king of the four quarters of the world — receives this dedication from his servant Lu-Nanna, a scribe and the king's land recorder, son of Inim-Šara.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lu-Nanna, the scribe, child of Inim-Šara, land recorder of the king, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004136/
Read the full tablet entry~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2035add / CDLI Seals 000256 (CDLI Seals 000256 (composite))
In plain English
Amar-Suena — powerful king, king of Ur, king of the four quarters — is addressed by his servant, a scribe whose name is damaged beyond reading, son of Iddin-Suen.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: ..., the scribe, child of Iddin-Suen, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004137/
Read the full tablet entry~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2036add / CDLI Seals 005906 (CDLI Seals 005906 (composite))
In plain English
Amar-Suena — strong man, king of Ur, king of the four quarters of the world — this seal belongs to his servant Namhani, a royal envoy and the son of Baya the cook.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Namhani, the envoy, child of Baya, the cook, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004138/
Read the full tablet entry~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2037add / CDLI Seals 006509 (CDLI Seals 006509 (composite))
In plain English
Amar-Suena, powerful man and king of Ur — Namhani, the envoy, declares himself your servant.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim: Namhani, the envoy, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004139/
Read the full tablet entry~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2038add / CDLI Seals 000292 (CDLI Seals 000292 (composite))
In plain English
Amar-Suena — strong man, king of Ur, king of the four quarters of the world — is addressed directly: Nanna-andul the scribe declares himself Amar-Suena's servant.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Nanna-andul, the scribe, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004140/
Read the full tablet entry~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2039add / CDLI Seals 005909 (CDLI Seals 005909 (composite))
In plain English
Amar-Suena — mighty ruler, king of Ur, king of the four quarters of the world — is named as the king to whom this seal belongs. Below the royal titles, the seal's owner identifies himself: Nanna-maba, a scribe and son of Unapšen, who declares himself the king's servant.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Nanna-maba, the scribe, child of Unapšen, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004141/
Read the full tablet entry~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2040add
In plain English
Amar-Suena — powerful man, king of Ur, king of the four quarters of the world — is addressed directly: Naram-ili, overseer of the doorkeepers, declares himself Amar-Suena's servant.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Naram-ili, overseer of the doorkeepers, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004142/
Read the full tablet entry~2050 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Amar-Suena 2041add / CDLI Seals 000562 (CDLI Seals 000562 (composite))
In plain English
Naram-ili, overseer of the doorkeepers, declares himself the servant of Amar-Suena, the powerful man and king of Ur.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim: Naram-ili, overseer of the doorkeepers, is your servant.”
Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004143/
Read the full tablet entry