Chapter 07 · 911 – 609 BCE

Neo-Assyrian

Empire, library, terror, scholarship.

Illustration: Scholars examining clay tablets in an Assyrian archive at Nineveh
An archive at Nineveh, around 650 BCE.

~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 108. An Urarṭian Woman on the Throne of Habhu (CT 53 037+)

“(1) To the king, [my] lo[rd: your servant NN]. Good health t[o the king, my lord!] (2) My messenger permane[ntly (appointed) in the presence of the treasurer] has greeted m[e, saying]: (4) "You ordered me to sa[y to] the treasurer: '[Wa]it for my messenger; see, I am going to write to the treasurer.' I was in Kipšuna for [x] days, and the treasurer kept waiting for [your] mess[enger], but you [did not send word], nor did your messenger come [...]. (11) "Now [then] the peop[le of the country ......] (12) [......] (13) '[I] bear [......] (14) [te]ll me; if not [......], (15) should they do…”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P313452/

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~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 109. Allocating Fields for Garrison Troops (CT 53 394)

“(Beginning destroyed) (1) [...] them. He said: "[...]." (2) [I said]: "You are [...] the ki[ng ...]." (3) I am bringing them down to [...] as the king, [my lord], ordered me. What are the king my [lord's] orders? (6) Alternatively, each (of them) should st[ay in] his (own) field or garden, and fear the Crown Prince. [W]hy should the whole town take away field[s of the f]ort? (11) [NN the royal body]guard who [......] (Rest destroyed)”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P313808/

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~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 110. A Letter to the Treasurer (CT 53 127)

“(1) To the [Treasurer, our lord]: your servant A[riye] and Arizâ. [Good health] to the Trea[surer, our lord]! (5) As to what the trea[surer, my lord, w]rote me abo[ut ...], yesterday [......] (Rest destroyed)”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P313542/

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~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 111. Report on Timber Transport (ABL 0490)

“(1) On the third day, 470 beams were available on the river bank. (3) 100 men of the Ukkeans, 30 men of Ariye, 30 men of Arizâ, in all 60 men of the Kummeans, all together 160 men are transporting the beam[s] to Ura with Aššur-reṣuwa.”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P334337/

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~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 112. Urarṭian Movements in Waisi (CT 53 114)

“(Beginning destroyed) (1) [B]efore [him, Kaq]qa[danu had en]tered Wai[si] in Tishri (VII); the king entered the city [af]ter him. (6) I have [not y]et heard what happened to [tho]se men, [wheth]er they [have] been killed [or] deported. (r 3) [A mess]enger of Urzana, [king of Mu]ṣaṣir, [and a messenger of] Arizâ have [c]ome [to me] (Rest destroyed)”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P313529/

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~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 113. All Quiet on the Northern Front (ABL 0123)

“(1) To the king, my lord: your servant Gabbu-ana-Aššur. (3) As to the orders that the king, my lord, gave me concerning the watch of the Urarṭian, ever since I entered Kurbail my messengers have been going back and forth to Nabû-le'i, Aššur-belu-uda''an and Aššur-reṣuwa. (14) We have not [gotten] a whiff of anybody or anything. Everybody is doing h[is] work, there is no hostility at all. (r 1) We keep hearing as follows: "The Urarṭian has not come out of Ṭurušpâ." Nevertheless, [w]e are ke[eping] the watch about which the k[ing, my lord,] ga[ve] me orders — we are not negligent. (r 10) I arrived in Kurbail on the 16th day of Tammuz (IV), and am sending (this) letter to the king, my lord, on the 20th of Ab (V).”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P334071/

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~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 114. The King of Urarṭu Gathers his Army (CT 53 007)

“(1) To the kin[g, my lord]: your servant Gab[bu-ana-Aššur]. (3) The king of Urarṭu has assembled his army in Wazana; I have [n]ot heard where he intends to go. (7) His son Melarṭua, and Aba[l]iuqunu, the governor [of ...], together with [their] tro[ops ......] (Break) (r 1) [...] they will attack [...]... The king, my lord, should know this; the king, my lord, should not say: "Why did you not write even though you heard?"”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P313422/

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~715 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

SAA 05 115. Retrieving Captured Soldiers (ABL 0579)

“(1) [To the king, my lord: your] servant [Gabbu-ana-Aššur]. (3) As to the news of Ura[rṭians], I wrote: "Wha[t] is the news of them?" They were reported to have captured six [of our] soldier[s] who were moving provisions up to the forts. (9) I wrote to the major-domo: "Don't try to take them by force. (Instead) write to Abilê: 'Why have you seized our men?' and quickly write me what he replies." (r 5) I moved the bull colossus to the river bank on the 17th.”

Source: Lanfranchi, G.B. & Parpola, S. 1990. The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces. SAA 5. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa05/P334398/

Read the full tablet entry