Position in chronology
MSVO 1, 068
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P005135.
Why it matters
Transliteration
1(N01)# , |SZU&SZU| 1(N01) , BU~b SZE3 RU 1(N01) , SI KISAL~b1 1(N01) , EN~a PAP~a 1(N01) , 3(N57) 1(N01) , AN 3(N57) 1(N01) , GU 3(N57) 1(N01) , SI TUN3~a SI KISAL~b1 1(N01) , MUSZEN NA~a GI ERIM~a 1(N01) , X ERIM~a# , UB AB~a# [...] 1(N14)# 4(N01)# , UB AB~a BAR , [...] SUG5# DU@g?
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — MSVO 1, 068. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (P005135) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P005135..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.