Position in chronology
MDP 17, 332
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P008530.
Why it matters
Transliteration
|M317+X| M297 M288# , 6(N14)# [...] [...] , 3(N14) M005~a M263~1 M387 M219 [...] , [...] [...] M099 M102~da , 4(N01)#? 1(N01@b)#? [...] [...] , 3(N14@b) 2(N1@b) |M157+M131|# , [...] 1(N34)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — MDP 17, 332. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P008530) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P008530..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.