Position in chronology
MDP 17, 043
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P008241.
Why it matters
Transliteration
[...] , M387~hb# M388 M057~a M029~b M057~a |M217+M124| , 1(N01) |M217+M388| , [1(N01)] M390# M128 M096 |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M254~a M058 M058 M057~a |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M124 M386~a M386~a M066 |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M124 M390 M338~b M066 |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M240~e M347 M371 |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M124# M218# M032 M096 |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M124 M218 M219 M218 |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M066 M352~n |M096+M139| |M217+M388| , 1(N01) M218~b M372 |M217+M388| , 1(N01)# x x |M217+M388|# , 1(N01)# [...] |M217+M388|# , 1(N01)# |M217+M388|# |M217+M124| , 1(N14) 7(N01)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — MDP 17, 043. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P008241) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P008241..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.