Position in chronology
MDP 06, 353
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P008135.
Why it matters
Transliteration
M157 M305 M388 M218 M259~2 M371 M033 M066 M346 , 3(N01) M103~3 M371 M386~a M338~a M346 , 2(N01) M145~d M103~3 M145~a M097~h M004 M218 M346 , 2(N01) M009 M103~3 M146 M066 M096 M346 , 2(N01) M103~3 M387 M048~c M320 M346 , 2(N01) M209~d M346 , 1(N01) M124 M325~e M218#? M038~e#? M346 , 1(N01) M346 , 1(N14) 3(N01) M131~e M001 1(N34)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — MDP 06, 353. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P008135) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P008135..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.