OIP 121, 366

~2099 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P124096

Translation · reference

Experimental

Source: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P124096.

Why it matters

Transliteration

2(disz) gu4
1(disz) ab2
1(u) udu
3(disz) sila4
5(disz) masz2
szu-gid2 e2-muhaldim-sze3
u4 2(u) 5(disz@t)-kam
ki in-ta-e3-a-ta
ba-zi
iti ezem-me-ki-gal2
mu gu-za en-lil2-la2 ba-dim2
2(u) 1(disz)

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — OIP 121, 366. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y14 — The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Attribution

Image: Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (P124096) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P124096..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.