Position in chronology
AUCT 1, 013
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P102859.
Transliteration
2(disz) udu niga en-lil2 1(disz) masz2-gal niga gu-za 1(disz) masz2-gal niga hur-sag-ga-lam-ma 2(disz) udu niga nin-lil2 masz-tur sagi maszkim 2(disz) udu 8(disz) masz2-gal szimaszgi szu-gid2 e2-muhaldim-sze3 ARAD2-mu maszkim iti u4 1(u) ba-zal ki na-lu5-ta ba-zi sza3 nibru iti ses-da-gu7 mu us2-sa gu-za en-lil2-la2 ba-dim2 1(u) 6(disz)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AUCT 1, 013. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ur-Nammu y15 — Year after: The throne of Enlil was fashioned based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Attribution
Image: Siegfried H. Horn Museum, Institute of Archaeology, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan, USA (P102859) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P102859..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.