Aleppo 344

~2060 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P100676

Translation · reference

Experimental

Source: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100676.

Why it matters

Transliteration

2(ban2) naga
ki lugal-e2-mah-e-ta
lugal-e-ba-<an>-sa6
szu ba-ti
iti e2-iti-6(disz)
mu an-sza-an ba-hul
ur-li9-si4
ensi2 umma
lugal-e-ba-an-sa6
dub-sar
dumu ur-isztaran
ARAD2-zu

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Aleppo 344. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y35 — Anšan destroyed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Attribution

Image: National Museum of Syria, Aleppo, Syria (P100676) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100676..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.