Position in chronology
RA 101, 42 11
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P273495.
Transliteration
1(barig) dabin gu ki ka-guru7-ta kiszib3 a-du-du mu6-sub3 e2-kikken sumun-ta mu ma2 en-ki ba-ab#-du8 a-du#-[du] dumu lu2-[banda3] mu6-sub3 [szara2]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — RA 101, 42 11. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: private: Hebenstreit, Laurent, Paris, France (P273495) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P273495..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.