Position in chronology
RA 009, 049 SA 137 (pl. 4)
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P127471.
Transliteration
2(gesz2) 5(u) udu 1(u) masz2-gal 1(disz) udu hur-sag 1(u) 2(disz) dara4-nita2 2(disz) dara4-nita2 szu-gid2 3(disz) dara4-munus 1(disz) dara4-munus szu-gid2 u4 2(disz)-kam ki ab-ba-sa6-ga-ta en-dingir-mu i3-dab5 iti ses-da-gu7 mu en-unu6-gal inanna unu ba-hun 3(gesz2) 2(u) la2 1(disz) udu
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — RA 009, 049 SA 137 (pl. 4). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Couvent Sainte-Anne, Jerusalem (P127471) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P127471..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.