Princeton 1, 342

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P127031

Translation — curated editorial

Editorial

Experimental

Editorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P127031.

Transliteration

4(disz) gurusz u4 8(disz)-sze3
a2-bi u4 3(u) 2(disz)-kam
a-pi4-sal4-sze3 ma2-la2-a gid2-da
a-ra2 2(disz)-kam
giri3 lu2-utu
ugula da-a-ga
kiszib3 ur-e11-e
mu si-mu-ru-um lu-lu-bu-um a-ra2 1(u) la2 1(disz)-kam-asz ba-hul
ur-e11-e
dub-sar
dumu ur-nigar

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Princeton 1, 342. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: Princeton Theological Seminary, Princeton, New Jersey, USA (P127031) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P127031..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.