Position in chronology
MVN 13, 195
Not yet translated
This tablet is catalogued with its transliteration and photographed, but no published translation exists yet. Our translation engine works through the untranslated corpus every night, oldest first — this page will update the day its turn comes. If you are a specialist and can read it, we would love your help.
The world it comes from
A bureaucratic golden age, the Code of Ur-Nammu.
From the same catalogue range (near P116967)
Transliteration
1(gesz2) 5(u) la2 2(asz) sze gur lugal# sze GAN2-gu4 lugal-bad3 ur-e2-an-na szabra giri3 ur-nin-su 1(gesz2) 3(asz) sze gur sze apin-la2 a2 an-ne ensi2 u4-[...] giri3 a-kal-[la] guru7 [(x)]-ta giri3 a-da-ga giri3 lugal-nesag-e ki-su7 gaba-a-[...] iti nesag mu nanna [...] kar-zi-da e2-a-[na] ba-an-kux(KWU147)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — MVN 13, 195. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (P116967) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P116967..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.