Position in chronology
Berens 077
Not yet translated
This tablet is catalogued with its transliteration and photographed, but no published translation exists yet. Our translation engine works through the untranslated corpus every night, oldest first — this page will update the day its turn comes. If you are a specialist and can read it, we would love your help.
The world it comes from
A bureaucratic golden age, the Code of Ur-Nammu.
From the same catalogue range (near P105788)
Transliteration
2(disz) sila3 kasz 2(disz)# sila3 ninda 1(disz) id-gur2 i3 [(x)] szu-il2-tum# lu2 tukul sa-bu-um du-ni 4(disz) sila3 kasz 4(disz) sila3 ninda 2(disz) id-gur2 i3 u4 2(disz)-kam sza3-iri 1(disz) dug dida 5(disz) sila3 i3?-udu? kaskal-sze3 a-tu lu2 tukul a-dam-szah2-sze3 du-ni iti szu-numun# u4 1(disz) [...]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Berens 077. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Chester Beatty Library, Dublin, Ireland (P105788) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P105788..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.