BE 03/1, 147 + frag.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P105698

Translation — curated editorial

Editorial

Experimental

Editorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P105698.

Transliteration

[...] sze gur ur-sukkal
u3 lugal-a2-zi-da
1(gesz2) 8(asz) a-a-lu2-u4-en-lil2-la2
3(u) 4(asz) hu-wa-wa
1(gesz2) 8(asz) ur-[...]
u3 ab-[...]
x [...]
[...]
2(u) 1(asz) [...]

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — BE 03/1, 147 + frag.. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (P105698) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P105698..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.