Position in chronology
BE 03/1, 059
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P105611.
Transliteration
7(gesz2)# [2(u) 3(ban2) la2 1(disz)] sila3# sze# gur# [...] [a-ra2 1(disz)-kam] 1(gesz'u) 3(u) 6(asz) 3(barig) 2(ban2) sze gur 4(u) 4(asz) 2(barig) 3(ban2) 6(disz) sila3 ziz2 gur 2(asz) 3(barig) 2(ban2) 6(disz) sila3 gig gur a-ra2 2(disz)-kam szunigin 1(gesz'u) 8(gesz2) 4(u) 6(asz) 3(barig) 1(ban2) 7(disz) sila3 sze gig ziz2 gur lugal gig-bi i3-tab ki lu2-szara2-ta giri3 ur-nigar gu4 sza3 u-pi5-ta iti dumu-zi mu us2-sa en eridu ba-hun
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — BE 03/1, 059. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (P105611) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P105611..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.