Position in chronology
AUCT 2, 103
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P103921.
Transliteration
1(u) 8(disz) sag u8 1(u) 4(disz) udu-nita2 5(disz) asz2-gar3 6(disz) sila4-nita2 ASZ-ur4 2(disz) udu-nita2 ASZ-ur4 udu asz2-gar3# 1(disz) sag nita2 mu-kux(DU) 1(disz) udu-nita2 kur 9(disz) sag ud5 nita2 3(disz) u3-tu!-da
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AUCT 2, 103. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Siegfried H. Horn Museum, Institute of Archaeology, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan, USA (P103921) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P103921..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.