Position in chronology
AAICAB 1/2, pl. 134, 1971-327
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P248841.
Transliteration
1(ban2) [x] sila3# i3-gesz [x]-x-[x]-ge#-si [...] tu-ra ugula ur-nin-tu ki# szara2-kam#-ta kiszib3 lu2#-kal-la i3-ba geme2 dumu-ka ga2-ga2#-dam iti sze-sag11-ku5 mu us2-sa bad3 mar-tu mu# us2-[sa-a]-bi# lu2-kal-la dub-sar dumu ur-e11-e
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AAICAB 1/2, pl. 134, 1971-327. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK (P248841) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P248841..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.