Position in chronology
AAICAB 1/1, pl. 051, 1912-1148
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P142770.
Transliteration
1(u) 5(disz) gurusz u4 1(disz)-sze3 nig2-gu2-na kasz-de2-a# ba-al-la kiszib3 ARAD2-mu ugula lugal-ma2-gur8-re mu en-unu6-gal inanna# [...] ur-dumu-zi-da dub-sar dumu ur-nigar kuruszda#
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AAICAB 1/1, pl. 051, 1912-1148. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK (P142770) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P142770..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.