Position in chronology
OIP 121, 373
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P124103.
Transliteration
2(disz) gu4 1(disz) gu4 amar ga 2(disz) ab2 1(u) 2(disz) udu 8(disz) masz2 szu-gid2 2(disz) gu4 2(disz) ab2 ba-usz2 e2-muhaldim-sze3 u4 2(u) 4(disz@t)-kam ki in-ta-e3-a-ta ba-zi iti szu-esz5-sza mu en-mah-gal-an-na en nanna ba-hun 1(u) la2 1(disz) gu4 2(u) udu
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — OIP 121, 373. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Amar-Suen y5 — En-maḫgalanna en-priest of Nanna installed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Attribution
Image: Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (P124103) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P124103..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.