Position in chronology
HLC 278 (pl. 128)
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P110152.
Transliteration
4(gesz'u) 4(gesz2) 2(u) 1(disz) [...] 4(gesz'u) 3(gesz2) 1(u) la2 1(disz) NIG2#? [...] 7(asz) 3(barig) 3(ban2) 7(disz) 1/2(disz) sila3 [...] nig2-gal2-la# 6(gesz2) 4(u) 7(disz) NIG2#? [...] u4#? [...] [...] IL2 [...] [la2]-ia3-am3 ur#-li9-si4 gal [...] iti diri sze-sag11-ku5 ba-[...] mu szu-suen lugal# uri5-ma#-[ke4] na-ru2-a#-mah# [...] AN [...] szu-nin-[...] dumu ab-ba dub-sar
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — HLC 278 (pl. 128). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šu-Suen y1 — Šu-Suen became king based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Attribution
Image: Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (P110152) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P110152..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.