Position in chronology
AAICAB 1/4, Bod S 413
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P330481.
Why it matters
Transliteration
8(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar 2(asz) sze gur mu esza sa2-du11 gu-la-<sze3> 1(disz) 2/3(disz) sila3 u4 1(disz)-am3 ba-ku5-ra2-sze3 a2-nin-ga2-ta dumu a-du-du x ba-an-szum2 ku3-bi sze-bi gu-du-du szu ba-ti iti szu-numun mu i-bi2-suen lugal
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AAICAB 1/4, Bod S 413. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Ibbi-Suen y1 — Ibbi-Suen became king based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Attribution
Image: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK (P330481) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P330481..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.