RIME 4.01.05.03, ex. add098

~1950 BCE·Old Babylonian·P451089

Translation — curated editorial

Editorial

Experimental

Editorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P451089.

Transliteration

[sza] uri5#[-im]
la# mu-pa-ar#-[ki-um]
a-na eridu#[]
_en_-[um]
si2-ma-at#
uno
szar i3-si-in
szar ma-at
szu-me-ri-im
u3 a-ka3-di3-im
bi2-bi2-[il]
li#-i#-ba# [esz18-dar]
szu#-[me-ri-im]
u3# [a-ka3-di3-im]

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)) — RIME 4.01.05.03, ex. add098. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK (P451089) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P451089..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.