Position in chronology
BIN 10, 078
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P236622.
Why it matters
Transliteration
2(gesz2) 2(u) 4(disz) ze2-[na] sza3-bi-[ta] 1(disz) banszur [x] e2-a-ma-[lik] 6(disz) ARAD2-er3-ra lu2 kas4 banszur-sze3 ba# sza3 mu-DU isz-bi-er3-ra-en-en 3(u) pesz-murgu2 banszur e2-a-ma-lik 5(disz) pesz-murgu2 banszur ARAD2-er3-ra lu2 kas4 mu-DU lugal-inim-gi-na-ta sza3 pesz-murgu2 1(u) 1(asz@t)-kam iti apin-du8-a u4 1(u) 5(asz@t)-kam
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)) — BIN 10, 078. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Harvard Museum of the Ancient Near East, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (P236622) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P236622..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.