Position in chronology
CDLI Literary 000375, ex. 095
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P346544.
Transliteration
x x [...] a-gar3 mah# a-esztub# x [...] a-gar3 su13#-su13-ga# [...] pu2 kiri6 lal3# gesztin nu#-[...] balag# imin an-ur2# [...] |SZA3xKAR2| szem5 iszkur-gin7 x [...] gi#-gun4#-na-zu# szu x [...] [...]-zu#? sag TUL2-ba he2-ni-ib-sa2-sa2
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)) — CDLI Literary 000375, ex. 095. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: British Museum, London, UK (P346544) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P346544..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.