All tablets.

Sargon II 121

(1) Sargon (II) presented (this object).

Sargon II 122

(1) That which Sarg[on (II) presented].

Sargon II 124

(1) For the god Marduk, the gr[eat] lord, his lord: Sargon (II), king of the land of Assyria, king of the world, governor of Babylon, (10) king of Sumer (and) Akkad, constructed anew the (city) wall Imgur-Enlil (and) the (city) wall Nēmet-Enlil for the sake of his life (and) made (them) shine like daylight.

Sargon II 125

(i 1) [For] the goddess Ištar, mistress of the lands, (most) eminent of the gods, [(most) valiant] of the goddesses, [...] fierce, terrifying deluge, [(...) who] is endowed with [...] (i 5) [...] ... majestic, [...] awe, [...] ... the firmament (of the heavens), [...] ... [...] humble, (i 10) [... who give]s judgment and decision, [...] purification rites, [...] which is inside Uruk, [the great lady], his lady: (i 14) [Sargon (II), king of Assy]ria, king of the world, governor of Babylon, [king of (the land of) Sume]r and Akkad, prince who provides for her, (i 16) [For the sake of ensuring]…

Sargon II 126

(1) Sargon (II), great king, king of the world, king of Babylon, (5) king of the land of Sumer and Akkad, commander of Assyria and of all Amurru, had the outer enclosure wall, the courtyard of Eanna, (10) the narrow gate, and the regular gate built.

Sargon II 127

(1) For the goddess Inanna, lady of Uruk, who dwells in Eanna, the august, supreme lady, (5) his lady: Sargon (II), king of the world, governor of Babylon, king of Sumer (and) Akkad, (10) shepherd of the land of Assyria, had baked bricks made (and) made the processional way of Eanna shine like daylight.

Sargon II 128

(1) For the lady, the goddess Inanna, mistress of the lands, his lady: Sargon (II), (5) s[tron]g king, king of Babylon, king of the world, king [...], king [...], (re)constructed (10) Eanna, her beloved temple.

Sargon II 129

(1) [Sargon (II), appointee of the god Enlil, nešakku-priest (and) desired object of the god Aššur, chosen of] the gods Anu and Dagān, [great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, king of the four quarters (of the world), favorite of] the great gods; (3) [just shepherd, (one) to whom the gods Aššur (and) Marduk granted a reign without equal and] whose reputation (these gods) exalted to the heights; (4) [who (re)-established the šubarrû-privileges of (the cities) Sippar, Nippur, (and) Babylon, protects the weak among them (lit.: “their weak ones”), (and) made rest]itution for…

Sargon II 130

(1) To the goddess Damkina, his lady: Sargon (II), king of Assyria, presented (this object) for the sake of his life.

Sargon II 2001

(1) (Property) of Atalia, queen of Sargon (II), king of Assyria.

Sargon II 2002

(1) Sîn-aḫu-uṣur, grand vizier (and) favorite (brother) of Sargon (II), king of the world, king of Assyria, governor of Babylon, king of the land of Sumer and Akkad, favorite of the great gods, completely constructed this house from its foundations to its crenellations. (5) He invited the great gods who dwell in Assyria and in this city (to come) inside it, and he offered before them pure sacrifices. In their steadfast, pure hearts they continually blessed Sargon and spoke that which is good concerning Sîn-aḫu-uṣur, his favorite brother.

Sargon II 2004

(1) (Property) of Pān-Aššur-[lā]mur, eunuch o[f] Sargon (II).

Sargon II 2005

(1) To the god Adad, the canal inspec[tor of heaven (and)] netherworld, prince [...]: Ṭāb-šār-Aššur, the trea[surer], pre[sented (this)] for the sake of ensuring his good health.

Sargon II 2006

(1) Seal of Aššur-bāni, governor of the city Kalḫu.

Sargon II 2007

(1) Seal of Nabû-uṣalla, governor of the city Tamnūnu (and) eunuch of Sargon (II), king of Assyria.

Sargon II 2008

(1) [For the god Nergal], foremost of the gods, who does not fear (any) battle weapon, [... most pow]erful of the gods, who does not pardon those who are evil, [who dwells in Ešaḫ]ul (“House of the Happy Heart”) that is inside the city Mēturna (Mê-Turnat), the great lord, his lord: (4) [PN, governor of the l]and Na’iri (and) eunuch of Sargon (II), king of Assyria, made (this object) by the craft [of the gods Ninzadim and Ninku]ra [out of a block of lapis-l]azuli hewn from its mountain (quarry) and he set (it) up for the sake of ensuring his good health, [prolonging his days], his happiness, ca…

Sargon II 2009

(1') Wh[en ...] the one who fashions li[ving creatures ...], the judicious god who[se command] cannot [be altered], the emminent god Marduk, whose command [...], (5´) who hears petition(s), renders decisions, (and) takes [...], who gives share(s) of the (food) offerings to the gods of [heaven and netherworld], the ruler of the black-headed people, who assigns the scepter of men, [...] (who has) a cunning mind, circumspect, high(est) [among the gods], (who)se supreme lordship induces awe in heaven and netherworld, [...] (10´) the wise, intelligent one, counselor of the Igīgū gods, the merciful…

Sargon II 2010

(1) To the goddess Ištar who dwells in the city Arbela, his lady: Aššur-dūr-pānīya, the governor of the city Kār-Shalmaneser, presented (this stele) for the sake of ensuring his good health.

Sargon II 2011

(1) To the god Adad, the canal inspector of heaven and netherworld, the great lord, his lord: Bēl-iddin set up and presented this stele for the sake of ensuring his good health.

Sargon II 001

(1) [Sargon (II), appointee of the god Enlil, nešakku-priest (and) desired object of the god Aššur, chosen of the gods Anu and Dagān, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, king of the four quarters (of the world), favorite of the great gods]; (2b) [just shepherd, (one) to whom the gods Aššur (and) Marduk granted a reign without eq]ual [and whose reputation (these gods) exalt/exalted to the heights]; (3) [who (re)-established the šubarrû-privileges of (the cities) Sippar, Nippur, (and) Babylon, protects the weak among them (lit.: “their weak ones”), (and) made…

Sargon II 002

Lines 1–68 are not preserved (69) [The people of the cities Pāpa (and) Lalluknu, dogs who had been bro]ught up in my palace (and) who [had conspired wi]th the land Kakmê [for the purpose of separating (from Assyria), I had deported them from their (own) places and] (re)settled them [in the city Damas]cus of the land [A]murru. (70b) I[n my] si[xth regnal year, Ursâ (Rusâ), the Urarṭian, sent his mounted messenger with a mendacious message to Bag-dāti of the land Uišdiš (and) KAR...] of the land Zikirtu, governors of the land Mannea. He ma[de them hostile to (me), Sar]gon, (and) to A[zâ, the…

~715 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Sargon II 003

Continued from several unpreserved slabs (1') [In my eleventh regnal year, (...) Tarḫu-lara of the land Gurgum ...] whose [he]ir [Mu]tallu had cut (him) down with the sword and tak[en away ...] my [...] in ... in order to avenge him (Tarḫu-lara) [... Tarḫu-l]ara, his heir Mut[al]lu, in/with ... of the body before the god Šam[aš ... Because of] his [... that] he had done, I/he burned his hands (and) showed [(...)]. I cou[nted] as boo[ty] his heir Mutallu, together with the (royal) family of the land [Bīt-Paʾalla, as many as] the[re were (of them), (along) with gold, silver, (and)] countless…

Sargon II 006

Continued from several unpreserved slabs (1') [At the command of the gods Aššur, Šamaš, and Marduk], I had [my] choice [fighting men] fly over [its] water [channel]s like [ea]gles [and they brought about his defeat. I surrounded him together with his royal (military) contingent and] slaughtered [his warriors like sheep a]t his feet. [I pierced] the horses trained to [his] yoke [with arrows. Then, (as for) him, I pierced (lit.: “loosened”) his hand with the point of an arrow and] he (then) entered the gate of his city <ste>althfully, like a mongoose. [I cut down] the Puqudians, [his]…

Sargon II 008

(1) Palace of Sargon, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, governor of Babylon, king of the land of Sumer and Akkad, king of the four quarters (of the world), favorite of the [great] god[s]. (2) The gods Aššur, Nabû, (and) Marduk, the gods, my helpers, granted me a reign without equal and exalted my [go]od reputation to the h[eights]. (3) I continually acted as provider for (the cities) Sippar, Nippur, Babylon, and Borsippa (and) [I made restitution for] the wrongful damage suffered by the people of privileged status, as many as there were (of them); I (re)-established…

Sargon II 065

(1) May (all) be extremely well with the god Aššur, father of the gods, the great lord who dwells in Eḫursaggalkurkurra (“House, the Great Mountain of the Lands”), his great temple. (2) May (all) be extremely well with the gods (that issue) divine decrees (and) with the goddesses, (the deities) who dwell in Eḫursaggalkurkurra, their great temple. (3) May (all) be extremely well with the gods (that issue) divine decrees (and) with the goddesses, (the deities) who dwell in the city Aššur, their great temple. (4) May (all) be well with the city and its people! May (all) be well with the palace…

Sargon II 071

(Epigraph_1 1) I/He traversed [...]. (Epigraph_2 1) I/He entered (the region) between Mount Ni[k]ippa (and) Mount Upâ. (Epigraph_3 1) Mount [S]imir[ria (...)] mountain [...].

Sargon II 072

(A 1') Not sufficiently preserved to allow translation. (A 3') [...] I measured (A 4') [...] them (A 5') [... i]n the temple of Marduk, their temple, for all time (A 6') [I erected ... from (...) K]ibaba of the city Ḫarḫa[r ...] I receiv[ed ... hors]es (and) mules. (A 8') [... the city Ḫarḫ]ar their understanding [...] they elevated [Da]ltâ over the[m]. (A 10') [...] their heart (A 11') [... they obta]ined reinforcements (A 12') [...] ... (A 13') [...] gift[s] (A 14') [...] fil[led] (A 15') [...] my [...] I ret[urned and ...] seized it [... the city Kār-Šarr]ukīn [...] I built a[nd ...] (B 1')…

Sargon II 104

Left side (Frgm._A_left 1') [... they made ... ho]stile [to me. The extens]ive [troops of Assyria] Right side (Frgm._A_right 1') Not sufficiently preserved to allow translation. (Frgm._B 1) [I dispersed the forces of] Ḫumbani[gaš (Ḫumban-nikaš I), the Elamite. I destroyed the land of Kar]alla, the land Šurda, [the city Kišesim, the city Ḫarḫar, the land] Media, (and) the la[nd Ellipi, (and) I imposed the yoke of the god] Aššur [(upon them)]. I [subjugated the land Mannea, ...] Left sides (Frgm._C_left 1') [... who (always) speaks tre]achery [...] he repeatedly sent [... he withheld] his [au]di…

Sargon II 108

Too poorly preserved to allow translation. (Frgm._B_i 1') [... DNs, who g]o [...; the goddess Ištar], ... [...; DN], who encircles [...; the Sebetti], who go [before the gods, stand] at the side [of the king, their favorite, in the place of battle, and] bring about (his) vic[tory]; (Frgm._B_i 7'b) [Great gods, managers] of heaven (and) netherworld, who[se attack means battle and strife], who appoint (rulers) (lit.: “raise the eyes”) [(and) name king(s)], (and) by who[se holy command] they place [(one) land over (another) land] an[d make (its ruler) greater than (other) rulers]. (Frgm._C 1')…

Sargon II 2003

(Inscription_A 1) Palace of Sargon, king of the world, king of Assyria. (Inscription_B 1) (Property) of Sîn-aḫu-uṣur, the grand vizier.

SAA 06 001. Mušallim-Issar Purchases Slaves (742-XI-26) (ADD 0075)

(1) [Instead of his seal he impressed] his fingernail. (2) [Fingernail of ...]î, [owner of the man being sold]. (fingernail impressions) (Break) (r 6) [If he does not pa]y, he shall not come out. Whoever pays [x m]inas of silver to Mušallim-Issar, shall redeem the man together with his people. (r 10) Witness Sipparanu, tanner of colored leather. (r 11) [Witness] Libbalayu. Witness Aššur-šallim-ahhe, [ch]ariot driver. (r 12) Witness Sin-iddina, 'third man.' (r 13) [Witness] Naṣî. Witness Bihî. (r 14) [Witness I]mmani-Aššur. Witness Yaya. (r 15) [A total of 8 witnesses] from Til-Inurta. (r 16)…

SAA 06 002. Musallim-Issar Purchases 5 Slaves (737-II-9) (ADD 0320)

(1) [Fingernail of NN, U]rdu, A[m..., ...]aya, and Na'[di-...]. (fingernail impressions) (3) El-tuklatua, Mumar-ili, Šamaš-le'i, Issar-da''ininni, and Mukinnat-Issar, a total of five persons — (6) Mušallim-Issar has contracted and bought them for 74 minas of copper. (8) The money is paid completely. Lawsuit or litig[ati]on is void. (r 1) Witness Qurdi-Nergal, Ṭabussu. (r 2) Witness Urdî, son of Susû. (r 3) Witness Aššur-aplu-iddina. Witness Ubrî, oil-presser. (r 5) Witness Ninuayu, [...]. (r 6) Witness Qurdi-[...]. (r 7) Month Iyyar (II), 9th day, [eponym year of] Bel-emur[anni].

SAA 06 003. Mušallim-Issar Buys a Slave (ADD 0492)

(Beginning destroyed) (2) [...] of Arbela [...] — (3) Mušallim-Issar, [village manager, has contracted, purcha]sed, and bought (him) [for] 2 homers of barley (equalling) 80 minas of copper at its current value. (5) The money is paid completely. That [man] is purchased, acquired, paid off, and cleared. [Any revoca]tion, lawsuit or litigation is void. (8) [Whoever in the] future, in far-off days, [whether ...]banu or his sons, [grandsons] or labour-duty superior, seeks [a lawsuit or lit]igation against Mušallim-Issar, (12) shall pay 5 minas of silver (and) one mina of gold [to Ištar of] Arbela,…

Law

SAA 06 004. Mušallim-Issar Buys Slaves (ADD 0497)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) all his [......, ...] of Arbe[la] — (3) [Muša]llim-Issar, village manager, [has contracted and bought them fo]r 16 minas of sil[ver]. (5) [The mon]ey is pa[id] completely. [Those people are purchased] and acquired. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 06 005. Mušallim-Issar Buys a Servant (729-III-3) (ADD 0195)

(1) Fingernail of Sin-na'id, owner of the man. (fingernail impressions) (2) Ahu-uqur, his servant — (3) Mušallim-Is[sar] has contracted and [bought him] (Break) (r 1) Witness Nabû-[...]. (r 2) Month Sivan (III), 3rd day, eponym year of Liphur-ilu, governor of Habruri.

SAA 06 006. Mušallim-Issar Buys 7 Slaves (713-III-3) (ADD 0248)

(Beginning destroyed) (fingernail impression) (1) Šamaš-immi, his wife, son, and 4 daughters, a total of 7 persons, servants of Gabbaru — (4) Mušallim-Issar has contracted and bought them for 180 minas of copper from Gabbaru. (7) [The mon]ey is paid completely. Those pe[opl]e are purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is vo[id]. (12) Whoever in the future, at any time, breaks the contract, shall pay 10 minas of silver to Ninurta residing in Calah. He shall pay [one] talent of tin to the go[vern]or of his city, and shall re[turn] the money ten[fold] to its owner. [He…

SAA 06 007. Mušallim-Issar Buys a Slave (ADD 0180)

(1) [Inst]ead of his seal he impressed his fingernail. (fingernail impressions) (2) Fingernail of Balaṭu-ereš, owner of the man. (3) Akbar, his servant — (4) Mušallim-Issar, [village] manager of the chief eunuch, has contracted and bought him from Bala[ṭu-ereš] for 100 minas of copper. (7) The money is paid completely. That man is purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (9) Whoever in the future, at any time, lodges a complaint, whether Balaṭu-ereš or his sons or his grandsons, and seeks a lawsuit or litigation against Mušallim-Issar, (15) shall pla[ce] 10…

SAA 06 008. Mušallim-Issar Buys Slaves (ADD 0480)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [The money is paid com]pletely. Those [people] are purch[ased and acquired. Any rev]ocation lawsuit or litiga[tion is void]. (4) Who[ev]er in the future, a[t any time], whe[ther] Balaṭu-ereš o[r his sons], or (whosoever), [seeks] a lawsuit or li[tigation] against Mušallim-Issar, shall [return] the money ten[fold] to its owners. He shall [contest] in his lawsuit and not succ[eed]. (r 3) Witness Issar-aplu-iddina, son of [NN]. (r 4) Witness Ebissi-šar[ri...], cha[riot driver]. (r 7) Wi[tness NN]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 06 009. Mušallim-Issar Buys Slaves (ADD 0486)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [Those people are purchased and] acquired. [Any] revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (3) [Whoever] in the future, at any time, [lodges] a complaint, whether Ṣabu-damqu [o]r his sons, (and) seeks [a law]suit or litigation against Mušallim-Issar, [shall ret]urn [the mon]ey tenfold to [its owner. He shall contest] in his lawsuit [and not] suc[ceed]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 06 010. Inurta-ila’i Buys Land (717-XI-16) (ADD 0391)

(1) Instead of [his seal] he impressed his [fin]gernail. (2) Fingernail of Šer-idri, owner of the land being sold. (space for fingernail impressions) (3) An estate of 3 hectares of land on the edge of an irrigation outlet, adjoining the road [to] Calah, (the field of) Zabinu, and the side road to [the village] of the Aramean; (6) an estate of 7 decares of land adjoining (the field of) Urarṭayu, the road to Calah, and (the fields of) Zabinu and Bel-(lu)-balaṭ; (8) an estate of 3 hectares of land [adjoin]ing (the fields of) Nuhšaya, Zabinu and Bel-(lu)-balaṭ, the side road to the village of…

SAA 06 012. Inurta-ila’i Buys More Land (715)

(1) [Inst]ead of his seal he impress[ed] his fingernail. (2) [Fing]ernail of Šamaš-tabni-uṣur, son of haruspex, [owner] of the land being sold. (space for seal impressions) (4) An estate of 1 hectare of land in the ... adjoining the field of the vizier and the field of Aplî; (6) an estate of 8 decares of land on the narrow road adjoining the field of Ahi-ṭaba and the land of Urda-Issaran; (8) an estate of 1 hectare of land upon the side road of the Chaldeans, adjoining the field of Nabû-ahhe-eriba and the field of Marduk-bel-uṣur; (10) an estate of 8 decares of land adjoining the field of…

Economy·Law

SAA 06 013. Inurta-ila’i Sells the Land he Bought 7 Years Before (710) (ADD 0392)

(1) [Ins]tead of his seal he impressed his fingernail. (2) [Fing]ernail of Inurta-ila'i, owner of the land being sold. (blank seal space) (3) [An estate] of 3 hectares of land on the edge of an irrigation outlet, adjoining the road [o]f the city of Calah and (the field of) Zabinu; (4) an estate of 7 decares of land [adjoin]ing (the field of) Urarṭayu, the road of Calah, and (the fields of) Zabinu and Bel-lu-balaṭ; (6) an estate of 3 hectares of land [adjoining] Nuh[šaya], Bel-lu-balaṭ, [and the side road of the village of Z]izî. (Break) (r 1) Witness Ubru-Is[sar, cupbearer]. (r 2) Witness…

SAA 06 015. Inurta-ila’i Buys Land from Uquwa and Ahu'a-eriba (ADD 0405)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [Inurta-ila'i has contracted and] bought it [for x min]as of copper. (2) [The money is] paid [completely]. That land [is purchased and ac]quired. Any revocation, lawsu[it, or litigat]ion is void. (4) Whoever in the future, [at a]ny time, lodges a complaint, whether Uquwa or Ahu'a-eri[ba, o]r their sons, grandsons, brothers or nephews, or any relative of theirs, or their prefect, and seeks a lawsuit or litig[ation] against Inurta-ila'i, [his] brothers and [neph]ews, shall return the money ten[fold to] its [own]ers. [He shall contest] in [his lawsuit] and not succe[ed].…

SAA 06 016. Fragment of a Purchase Document of Inurta-ila'i (ADD 0518)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) adjoining the field of [NN] (2) upon [......] (3) adjoining the field [of ......] (Break) (r 1) [He shall place ... in the lap of DN res]iding in [..., and shall return the money tenfold t]o [its] owners. He shall contest [in his lawsuit] and [not succeed]. (r 4) [Witness] Muneppi[š-ilu, mayor]. (r 5) [Witness] Urarṭayu, [...]. (Rest destroyed)

Law

SAA 06 017. Aššur-šallim-ahhe Buys a Threshing Floor (747-II-4) (ADD 0412)

(1) Fingernail of Ṣabu-damqu, (2) fingernail of Abzî, (3) fingernail of Eriba-Aššur, (4) fingernail of Šamaš-šallim, (5) fingernail of Ipparšidu, (6) a total of 5 men, owners of the threshing floor. (fingernail impressions) (7) A property of 90 square metres, a threshing floor in Du'ua, adjoining (the estates of) Adad-remanni and the overseer of the household — (10) Aššur-šallim-ahhe has contracted and bought (said) threshing floor from these m[en] for [x minas of silver] by the mina of [Carchemish]. (r 2) The money is paid [completely]. That threshing floor is purchased and acqui[red]. Any…

SAA 06 019. Šumu-lešir, Recruitment Officer, Buys an Estate (734-IX-26) (ADD 0415)

(1) Instead of their seals they impressed their fingernails. (fingernail impressions) (2) Fingernail of Nabû-ašared, fingernail of Mušallim-Aššur, (3) fingernail of Aššur-matu-taqqin, fingernail of Nabû-na'id, a total of 4 sons of Itu'ayu, owners of the land. (5) An estate of 14 hectares of land in cultivation, a house, a threshing floor and an orchard in Goldsmith Town — (7) Šumu-lešir, recruitment off[icer, has con]tracted and bought it [fo]r 20 [min]as of copper from [these] gentlemen, [the owners of the la]nd. (9) The money [is paid] comple[tely. Th]at [land] is purchased and acqu[ired.…

SAA 06 020. Fragment of a Legal Document of Šumu-lešir (ADD 0303+)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [Whoever in the] fut[ure, at any time, breaks the contract and seeks a lawsuit or litigation] against Šumu-lešir, [shall eat] one mina of plucked wo[ol and shall drink a full agannu vessel of tanner's paste. He shall place] one mina of refi[ned] silv[er and one mina of pure gold in the lap of ......]. (r 1) [He shall tie] two white horses to the feet of [Aššur, and shall bring] four harbakannu horses to the feet of Nergal. [He shall pay] a talent of tin to the governor of [his] city, [and shall return] the money [tenfold to its owners]. (Rest destroyed)

Law·Religion & Myth

SAA 06 021. A Building Contract (734) (ADD 0090)

(1) Šamaš-bani-apli, [NN], La-tubašanni-[ilu, NN], Ken-abuya, Ahu-i[la'i], a total of six men. (5) (Their wage is) 2 talents of copper and 3 homers 6 seahs (c. 700 litres) of bread and beer. (7) They shall work for a month. One shall install beams on the entire barn, plaster the roof, and put in the drain pipe. (r 1) If the bricks are in short supply, they shall do their work and finish it in the following month. (r 5) Witness Abu-ul-idi. (r 6) Witness Qurbu-ilu. (r 7) Witness Adad-ahu-uṣur. (r 8) Witness Inurta-bel-u[ṣur]. (r 9) [Witness] Ṣil-[...]. (r 10) [Witness] Nabû-[...]. (r 11) [Witnes…

Law

SAA 06 022. Muaddi Buys 12 Hectares of Land (729-X) (ADD 1176+)

(1) Fingernail of Barruqu, owner of the land. (fingernail impressions) (2) An estate of 13 hectares of land in the city of Allî of the domain of the commander-in-chief, adjoining the woman Aššur-[...], Minu-a[hṭi-ana-ili], and the fields of [...]-ilu and Dagan-šimti, manager of the g[arde]n, field, road and the plows — (9) M[ua]ddî has contracted and bought (said property) [for] 30 mi[nas] of copper. (11) [The mon]ey [is p]aid co[mpletely]. The land is purchased and acquired. [Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is] void. (12) Whoever in the future [...] (Break) (r 1) Witn[ess ......]. (r…