Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Menu

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Privacy policy Terms of use llms.txt Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Search

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

2,292 of 102,257 tablets · 5 filters activeClear filters

101–150 of 2292

Page 3 / 46

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CUSAS 31, 054

Obverse(?) 1. [...] cow-calf (DU8×AMAR), household / cattle-stall (AB) 2. 26 salt (MUN) 3. 5 highland (KUR) cow-calf (DU8×AMAR) 4. 3 salt (MUN), house (E2) 5. [...] 6. 2 U4×2(N57) [meaning unknown] 7. [...] (unreadable sign) 8. [...] BAR 9. [...] 10. [...] (unreadable sign) MAR (The transliteration does not mark where the obverse ends and the reverse begins. All ten lines are given above.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CUSAS 31, 055

Obverse 1. KISZ [...] 2. salt(?): 5 units [...] 3. salt(?): 3 units [...] 4. 20 (2 × N14) 5. [...] Reverse 1. 5 units: 3 days (U4 × 3) 2. 4 units: 1 day (U4 × 1), ZATU669 3. [...]

Economy

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CUSAS 31, 162

Obverse (probably): [...] [...] MEN, ŠAGAN-jar, GIŠ (wood/tool) 2 (units): sheep, barley — EN (the lord / chief official) [...] 3(N57): UR4 (plucking/shearing) 1: ZATU850 ZATU850 1: NAM2, RU 2: barley, EN; 1(N04): AN [...] Reverse (probably), totals: 20: EN — AB-institution (the AB variant written with a double grain sign and N04 inside) 13: ŠU — AB-institution [3]3 (total): AB-institution

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CUSAS 31, 166

Obverse, column i 1. 2 (units): SZUM, PA, U4(?), E, ZATU659 2. 2 (units): SANGA official, |ZATU737×DI| 3. 3 (units): GA 4. 1 (unit) [...]: [...] 5. [...]: [...] Obverse, column ii 6. 5 (units): DU(?), TE 7. 3 (units): KAB(?) [...] 8. 3 (units): ZATU659, [one unidentified sign] 9. 2 (units): ZATU659 10. 3 (units): SUG5, [one unidentified sign] 11. [...]: [...] 12. [...]: [...] Reverse 13. 1 ten, 4 (units) [...] [one unidentified sign] [...] 14. 2 tens, 10 (units): DUR 15. (blank before the sign) ZATU659

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CUSAS 31, 168

Obverse: 1. [...] a SILA3-vessel 2. [...] a SILA3+MUD-vessel 3. 15 (1 ten + 5 ones) SUHUR fish 4. [...] UMUN2, GAL ("great"), TUR ("small"), PA 5. [...] MUD, IB 6. SAL PAP [...] (Reverse: no legible signs survive; the surface is worn and cracked)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CUSAS 31, 170

(Obverse) [...] [...] 1 jar (DUG~a) 3: NA~a X (unidentified sign) 2: EN~a ŠURUPPAK~a [...] [...] IB~a 5 rams (UDUNITA~a) 1: ZATU676~b [...] KIŠ (The rest is lost or uninscribed; the reverse shows no legible signs.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CUSAS 31, 189

Obverse 5 (units): EN (lord/official) […] 5: house (E2) DA 5: EN, SAG (head?) 5: EN, DU 5: (unread sign) 5: (unread sign) 4: MAR […] 5: GAN2 (field) 4: NAGA 2: UB […]: […] 1: MUŠ3 1: ŠE+NAM2 Reverse (total) 91 (1 sixty, 3 tens, 1 unit): house (E2) […]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MRAH O.4995

Reverse (the only part transliterated): 1. 36: AL 2. 8: EN~a, small/young (TUR) 3. 7: U4 with 1 mark, small/young (TUR) 4. 1: U4 with 2 marks, small/young (TUR) 5. 22: U4 with 3 marks, small/young (TUR) 6. (Total) 74: 1(N57) 2(N57); MUN~a1, SU~a, PAP~a, NIM~b2, DARA3~c×KAR2, AL(?) [The heavily inscribed obverse and edges visible in the photograph are not transliterated and are left untranslated here.]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2357

Obverse 1: 1 (unit): SZUBUR SZA3~a 2: 7 (units): MASZ KUR~a ZATU773~a 3: 3 (units): EN~a IB~a PIRIG~b1 4: 1 (unit), 3 (N57): SANGA~a 5: 5 (units): SZUBUR ZATU795 LAM~b 6: 7 (units): KASZ~c DA~a 7: [...] (broken) Reverse Total: 24 (2 tens + 4 units): BA NIM~a

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2358

Obverse, column i: 1. 1 (unit of grain): ŠU TUR PAP (personal name or designation) 2. 1: ŠE SI RU 3. 1: BU ŠE DU 4. 1: ŠE X AB₂ (one sign unread) 5. 1: UDU ANŠE 6. 1: AN EŠDA ŠE Obverse, column ii: 7. KU₃ KI A PA (heading or responsible official/institution) Reverse: 8. 3 (tens-unit): barley. 9. PA KI KU₃ A

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2396

Obverse 1 (individual): KAŠ~c ŠE~a+ŠE~a 1 (individual): ZATU659 1 (individual): UNUG~a KI ZATU773~a 1 (individual): EN~a GI+GI 1 (individual): ANŠE~e UDU~a 1 (individual): KA~a KU6~a 1 (individual): SI KISAL~b1 1 (individual): PAP~a 1 (individual): PA~a (case): BA (empty case) Reverse 9 (individuals in total): BA SU~a PAP~a (case): GAN~a

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2431

Obverse (as transliterated): 1. 1 (N57-unit): SIG RAD 2. 5: BA 3. 9: GI 4. 11: EN 5. 1: KU3 of the E2 (house/institution) 6. 6 (N02): [entry without a written label] Reverse (total): 7. 32; 1 (N57), 2 (N57): MUN, DU, TE, SIG RAD (No further lines are given in the transliteration.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2433

Obverse 1. 2 (units): UTUA~a (animals of an uncertain category) 2. 4: rams 3. 2: NUN~b (a qualified category of animal) 4. 5 (N02 units): kids 5. 1 (N02 unit): ewe (Case division) 6. 2: she-goats 7. 1: NUN~b (a qualified category of animal) (Case division) Reverse 8. 16 (1 ten and 6 units): small livestock (sheep and goats), in total 9. GI MASZ KI (the official, office or institution responsible; the meaning is unclear)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2434

Obverse (column i) 5(N14) 6(N01) — [commodity broken away] 6(N34) 3(N14) — NE~a NUNUZ~a1 1(N01) — TUN3~a, Dilmun(-type) 1(N01) — PIRIG~b1 SU~a[?] — 1(N57) BA |ŠE~a.NAM2| NAM2 DUB~a ZATU694~c NUNUZ~a1 [...] 1(N01)[?] — [sign unread] [...] Obverse (column ii) 8(N01) — UTUA~a[?] 3(N01) — rams (UDUNITA~a) 1(N14) 1(N01) — NUN~b 9(N01) — kids (MAŠ2) — TE RAD~a SANGA~a — (blank ruled case) Reverse: uninscribed.

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2436

[Obverse] [Entry/heading:] RAD BU SI TE KITI — ZATU795 LAM AN MUŠ3 URU (sign groups, probably personal or institutional designations; untranslated) 2(N15) 1(N02) (a quantity, recorded exactly as written); 2(N57): MUN (salt?) — PAP (supervisor / personnel category); 2(N57): SU [Reverse / summary] RAD KITI SI TE BU ZATU795 LAM RU KI HI KI URU AN MUŠ3 SIG RAD

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2437

Obverse (only the part given in the transliteration; the tablet in the photo holds many more entries) 3: SAL-ZATU628a-UR-AB2 (a female worker or group) 2: SAL-ZATU628a-ŠU-ŠU-ME 2: UŠ-ŠUR2-BU 2: DU-EN2-ZATU628a-SAL Reverse (total) 62 heads (persons)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2438

Obverse 2 ewes (U8) 20 nanny goats (UD5~a) 28 goats (MASZ2) 27 (animals of the category) NUN~b 4 (animals of the category) UTUA~a 10 rams (UDUNITA~a) Reverse (Total:) 91: sheep (UDU~a), fish (KU6~a), bird (MUSZEN), goat (MASZ) 257: X [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2446

Obverse col. i 1. 2 (units): E2-DA 2. 2 (units): A-KAŠ 3. 1 (unit): URI3-IB 4. 1 (unit): MUD 5. 1 (unit): KU-AN 6. 2 (units): E2-SI col. ii 7. (heading/subscript, no numeral): LAGAB ZATU659 NAM2 RAD PA ŠE A — URI3-IB Reverse col. i 8. 2: nanny goats (UD5) 9. 1: UTUA (livestock of an unidentified category) 10. 3: rams (UDU-NITA) 11. 1: NUN (livestock of an unidentified category) 12. 2: kids (MAŠ2) col. ii (total) 13. 9: small livestock (UDU TUR), ZATU659 — URI3-IB

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2497

Obverse (Case 1) 8 [units of] barley — SZUBUR (Case 2) 7 [units] 4 [smaller units of] barley — ZAG, fish (KU6) (Case 3) 3 [units of] barley — SANGA (administrator) (Case 4) 5 [units of] barley — ZATU773~b, kid (MASZ) (Case 5) 5 [units of] barley — HI, U4 (Case 6) settlement (URU), barley [the transliteration gives no numeral for this case] Reverse (Total) 1 [large unit] 7 [units] 4 [smaller units of] barley 1 [N46] 4 [N19] (a second quantity in another measuring system, with no commodity sign) 1 [large unit] 2 [N45] 1 [unit] 4 [smaller units of] barley (Notation of the numerical signs: N34 =…

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2501

(obverse) 8 (units N01) — UR~a(?) GIŠ3~b 1 (ten, N14) [...] 2 (units N01) — DUR~b ZATU819 [...] 1 (unit N01) — GIR3~c BU~a DU A (no numeral preserved) — TE RAD~a SANGA~a [...] [...] — [...] (reverse) 1 (sixty, N34) 1 (ten, N14) 6 (units N01) [...] — [...] 6 (sixties, N34) — NE~a NUNUZ~a2 2 (units N01) — ZATU831@g 1 (unit N01) — AGAR2 1 (unit N01) — TUN3~a [...] — [...] (no numeral preserved) — TE RAD~a SANGA~a x [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2502

Obverse 1. 5(N34) 5(N14) 8(N01) — [x] 1(N57); DUR~b, LAGAB~b (total), RAD~a 2. 3(N34) 1(N14) 7(N01) — DUR~b, BA (allotted) 3. 1(N34) 2(N14) — UR~a, the temple administrator (SANGA~a) 4. 1(N34) 2(N14) 1(N01) — GI (bundle/reed-unit) Reverse 5. (no quantity in the first case) — NAM2, EŠDA(?), 3(N57), PAP~a (supervisor/elder), TE, TUR (small) (Numerical values, read in the sexagesimal system: line 1 = 5×60 + 5×10 + 8 = 358, plus 1 N57; line 2 = 3×60 + 1×10 + 7 = 197; line 3 = 1×60 + 2×10 = 80; line 4 = 1×60 + 2×10 + 1 = 81. The sign transliterated X in line 1 is broken and unread.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2504

Obverse 9 (units): MAR~a, NA~a(?), sheep (UDU~a), ZATU749~b. 7 (units): sheep (UDU~a), ZATU749~b. (—): ZATU821, GI. (—): NIN, SIG. (—): TE, RAD~a, the temple administrator (SANGA~a). Reverse 1(N14) 6(N01) — i.e. 16 (units): sheep (UDU~a), DUB~a, ZATU749~b. (—): SIG, NIN.

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2506

Obverse 2(N14) [= 20] — sheep — female (ewes) 3(N01) [= 3] — rams 2(N01)[?] [= 2] — kids (young goats) [...] — [...] ŠU ["received/in hand"(?)] — line broken 1(N14) [= 10] — consumed/disbursed (GU7), RAD(?) 3(N01) [= 3] — barley 5(N01) [= 5] — sheep 1(N01) [= 1] — beer 2(N14) [= 20] — bread/food portions (GAR) 1(N01) [= 1] — ŠITA-vessel, oil (NI) Reverse (subscript, no numeral) MUŠ3 — ME — LAL3 (syrup) — ŠUR2[?]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2507

Obverse (col. i) 1. 4(N15)? — E₂ (household/estate) PA (overseer/section-mark) 2. 3(N15)? — IŠ RAD 3. 1(N15)? — ŠU ("hand/received") TUR ("small") 4. 1(N15)? — AN URU (sky/divine; settlement) 5. [… (numeral lost)] — [… ] EN (lord/institutional head) 6. [… ] 1(N14) — IM 7. 1(N14) — E₂ (household/estate) NAGA SI 8. 2(N50) 3(N14) — |ḪI×1(N57)| ZATU756 9. 1(N45) 6(N14) — [ … (entry lost) ] (The left portion of the tablet is broken away; the numerals of lines 5–6 and the designation of line 9 are lost. No further inscribed text is preserved on the reverse beyond the large numerical impressions co…

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2511/1

(obverse) [...] , [...] 1(N57) — allotted(?) 7 (N01) , NI~a NE~a [...] , [...] ... persons(?) 7 (N01) , ZATU659(?) LAGAB~a [...] 3 (N34) 1 (N01) , 1 (N57) — allotted, GIŠ(?) [...] [...] , ... [...] 2 (N01) , ewes 2 (N14) 3 (N01) , she-goats 1 (N01) , ram(?) (UTUA~a) (reverse) (no number preserved) , [...] 2 (N01) , [...] 2 (N01) [...] , [...] (Remainder of the reverse broken; the triangular sign ZATU659 stands alone as a heading/label. Left edge bears only the modern collection number MS 2511.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2512

Obverse 1. [...] — [...] 2. [...] — [...] (one unidentified sign) 3. [...] — [...] ZATU659 4. [...] — [...] NAGA (natron / soapwort) 5. [...] — [...] MUŠEN (bird), RAD 6. [...] — [...] ZATU659(?) 7. (number lost) — 1(N57) MUN (salt) 8. 1(N01) — IB [...] 9. 1(N01)(?) [...] — [...] (The remainder of the surface, including the lower obverse and much of the reverse, is broken away or effaced; no further continuous entries are recoverable.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2514

1. 2(N01) — ...(ZATU694), DA DA 2. — NI (oil/fat?), barley, AN, DI, RAD 3. 1(N01) — beer (in a) ...-vessel(?) (ZATU737×E?) 4. — the GAL-official (and) the SANGA-administrator 5. 2(N01) — nanny goats, DI, A 6. 1(N01) — young goat (kid): the chief GAL-official (of?) the SANGA-administrator 7. 3(N01) — BAR(-portions), NI (oil/fat?), barley, AN

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2516

1(N52) — allotted (BA; sign damaged) [...] 1(N52) — ... 2(N01) — received (ŠU2) 3(N01) — reed mats (KID; sign damaged) 1(N01) — [(for) the musician (NAR SU)] 1(N52) — ... [...] — [...] 3(N52) — ... 2(N01) — received (ŠU2) 3(N01) — reed mats (KID) 1(N01) — (for) the musician (NAR SU) 1(N34) (= 60 units) — NIM (entry lost) — [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2520

Obverse 1. [......] , [......] 2. [...] , [...] SIG RAD [...] — "... wool(?)/SIG-quality ... RAD ..." 3. [......] , [......] 4. 1(N02) [...] , ... [...] — "1 (unit of the N02 series) of [a commodity now lost] ..." 5. ... [...] , [......] 6. , ... [......] 7. [......] , [......] 8. [......] , [......] (The entries are almost entirely broken; only the numeral 1(N02), the sign pair SIG RAD, and isolated damaged sign traces survive.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2677

Obverse 1. [...] , [...] the EN (lord/priest-ruler) ... NUN (prince/institution) 2. [...] , [...] (two illegible signs) 3. [...] 3(N01) , ŠA, TAK4, beer 4. [...] , [...] 5. 1(N01) , a GAL-vessel (large cup), ŠITA(?) (libation vessel?) 6. 1(N01) , SI (horn?), (of the) courtyard 7. 1(N01) , ERIN 8. ...... , reed(-unit?), ŠUBUR, UŠ 9. [...] , GA2-container ... ŠE3 ... NUN(?), IM(?) 10. [...] , [...] 11. [...] , [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2680

Obverse 1. [...] 2 (units) ..., NUN-b (category marker) [...] 2. [...] 2 (units) ..., young goats (MAŠ₂) 3. 1 (unit) ..., ... [...] 4. 1 (unit) ..., ... [...] 5. [...] , [...] Reverse(?) 6. 60 (1 N34) , [...] ... allotted(?) ... barley ... [...] 7. 126 (2 N34 + 6 N01) [...] , sheep [...] 8. [...] , [...] ...

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2681

1. 2(N01) , U8# — 2 ewes 2. 2(N14) 8(N01) , X [...] — 28 ... [...] 3. [...] 5(N01) , MASZ2 — [...] 5 kids (young goats) 4. 1(N01) , GU4# — 1 ox 5. , [...] — [...] 6. [...] , [...] — [...] 7. 1(N01) , GU4# NE~a — 1 NE-ox (ox of NE-quality?) 8. , — (case empty or effaced) 9. , [...] X — [...] ... (traces)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2684

Obverse 1. [...] , [...] 2. [...] 2 : oil/fat(?) — small(?) (NI~a TUR) 3. 2 : UTUL-vessels(?) of the settlement (UTUL~a URU~a1) 4. 1 : ibex (DARA3×KAR2) 5. 1 : Adab 6. 1 : (sign ZATU799, meaning unknown) 7. [...] , [...] ... (remainder of the account broken)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2686

Obverse 1. [...] , [...] 2. 9 (units) — KA RAD DI (a designated category, meaning uncertain) 3. 7 (units) — BU₃ NA (a designated category) 4. 10 [+ ...] (units) — RAD DI [...] 5. [...] — ... [...] 6. [Total?] (LAGAB) [...] Reverse 7. 26 (units) — small ... (TUR), MUŠEN×PAP(?)-birds(?), TI 8. 5 (units) — ... [...] 9. [...] , [...] 10. 6 (units) — NUN-quality/category 11. 1 ram (UDUNITA) 12. 1 kid (young male goat, MAŠ₂) 13. [...] , [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2689

Obverse 1. [...] 3 [...] , [...] ... KA(?) MA 2. 3 , TAK4, A, flax(?), ŠA 3. 2 , tallies(?) — birds (and) kids 4. [...] , [...] 5. 5 , [...] 6. 3 [...] , [...] 7. 1 , [...] 8. 1 , [...] Reverse(?) 9. 31 (3×10+1) , sheep 10. [...] , plow(-team)(?) ... [...] 11. [...] , [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2690

(Composite of obverse and reverse; the account is broken at beginning and end) 1. [...] , [...] ... (sign traces) 2. [...] , [...] 3. [...] , [...] textile(s) 4. [...] , [...] 5. 1 (unit) , linen (garment) 6. 2 (units) , 1 fine ...-garment(s) (SAL BAR) 7. — , (of/for) the settlement — the temple administrator (SANGA) 8. [...] , [...] textile(s) 9. [...] , [...] 10. 1 (unit) , [...] 11. 1 (unit) , 1 [...] ...-portion (BAR) 12. — , (for the) expedition/journey (of) the plow(-team) (KASKAL APIN) 13. [...] , [...] ... (sign traces)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2693

Obverse 1. [...] , [...] sheep 2. [...] , [...] DA, NI (oil?), GIŠ₃ 3. [...] , [...] 4. 3 (N01) , NUN 5. 2 (N01) , kids (young goats) 6. ... , X [...] 7. [...] , [...] (The reverse is uninscribed.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2694

(Proto-cuneiform account; entries read as: quantity , sign group) [...] , [...] (entry broken) 2(N01) , EN EZEN — 2: the lord/en-official (of the) festival 1(N01) , KU6 MUSZEN MASZ — 1: fish (and) bird (as) goat-equivalent/levy(?) [...] , [...] (entry broken) 2(N01) , KU AN — 2: ... (KU-commodity) (of) AN 3(N01) , KU KASZ — 3: ... (KU-commodity), beer 2(N01) , DA DU — 2: ... delivered/brought(?) [...] , [...] (entry broken) 9(N01) , NA KI NAB(?) — 9: ..., place/origin ...(?) 1(N01) , RU — 1: given/deposited(?) 1(N14) 1(N01) (= 11) , AN BA GI — 11: allotted (to/of) AN, (in) reed-bundle/tally u…

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2695

(Archaic Uruk-period account; entries are ideographic case-by-case notations, not connected prose) 1. [...] 2 — goat(?), man/personnel 2. 1 — AN, Šubur, HI (person or designation) 3. 1 — GI(-unit), bird, NA 4. 2 — (for) the SUKKAL (minister/official), deposited(?) 5. 3 [...] — SIG7 [...] 6. [...] — [...] 7. 1 — allotted(?), KIŠIK(?) 8. 1(N57) — allotted(?), IB, URI3 (standard/emblem?) 9. 1 [...] — ... [...] 10. 1 — AN ŠU2 11. 4 — SIG7 12. 1 — NA, KI (place/origin marker?) 13. 2 — GA2, DUR2, ... 14. [...] — [...] KA 15. 45 (4×10 + 5) — sheep, ZATU819 [...] (probably the summary total)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/01

Obverse 1. 1(N01) — UNUG: 1 (unit/person): Uruk (the city/sanctuary sign) 2. 1(N01) — EN SAG AN: 1: the EN (lord/priest-ruler) — SAG (head/person) — AN (sky/divine) 3. 1(N01) — ZI MUŠEN KAŠ: 1: ZI — bird — beer 4. 1(N01) — ŠU |GIŠxŠU2| GIR3: 1: 'hand' (received?) — GIŠxŠU2 — GIR3 5. 1(N01) — ŠA TAK4 A: 1: ŠA — TAK4 — water 6. [...] — ... [...] 7. 1(N01) — [...]: 1: [...] 8. 1(N01) — ... [...]: 1: [...] 9. 1(N01) — PAP ŠU [...]: 1: PAP (elder/supervisor) — 'hand' [...] 10. 1(N01) — [...]: 1: [...] 11. 1(N01) — [...]: 1: [...] 12. [...] — [...] (Break) 13. [...] 1(N01) — 1(N57) ... [...]: [...]…

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/02

Obverse 1. [...] , [...] 2. [...] 2(N01) [= 2 units] , [...] ... RU [given/deposited(?)] 3. [...] , [...] MA [fig(?)/vessel(?)] KI [place(?)] NUNUZ [eggs(?)] 4. [...] , [...] SUKUD(?) [tall/height(?)] NI [oil/fat(?)] 5. [...] , [...] 6. 2(N01) [= 2 units] , ... [...] 7. 4(N01) [= 4 units] , BAN(?) [a capacity measure/vessel] ... [...] 8. 3(N01) [= 3 units] , [...] 9. [...] , [...] (The tablet is a fragment; the beginnings and ends of nearly every case are broken away.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/04

Obverse 1. [...] , [...] 2. , [...] ŠE.NAM2 (grain, of the NAM2-category) [...] 3. [...] , [...] 4. 1(N14) 7(N01) (= 17) , she-goats 5. 8(N01) (= 8) , ewes(?) 6. 1(N14) (= 10) [+ ...] 3(N01) (= 3) , [entry lost] 7. , [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/08

Obverse 1. [...] ... (traces of an illegible sign) 2. 1 (unit, N01): DAR (a 'variegated' item, perhaps a partridge-like bird), NI (oil/fat commodity?), DA (separator/adjacency marker) 3. — allotted/distributed (BA) 4. [...] ... DI ... RAD (entry of an undetermined commodity or official) 5. [...] ... (illegible sign) 6. [...] (line lost) 7. [...] (line lost) 8. ... [...] (traces only)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/09

(obverse, single column; each entry: numeral , commodity/sign) 1. [...] , [...] NI (oil/fat?) 2. [...] , [...] 3. 2 , IŠ (function undetermined) 4. 2 , ... [...] 5. [...] , [...] 6. 1 , GIR3 7. 1 , U2 (fodder/plant?) GIR3-gunû 8. 2 [...] , [...] NI (oil/fat?) 9. 1 , deficit(?): textile(?) 10. 1 , NE [...] 11. 6 , ... [...] 12. 2 , ... [...] 13. [...] , [...] 14. [...] , [...] ŠE.NAM2 (grain category), SAG (head/first?) 15. [...] , [...] (reverse uninscribed)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/10

1. [...] , [...] ... (traces) 2. ...... , (the) Tigris, ME, ..., fish, RAD, great [...] 3. [...] , [...] ... (traces) 4. [...] , [...] 5. ...... , AN, UR5, water(?), 3 (N57-strokes), NAM2, DI, 1 (N57-stroke), allotted (BA) 6. [...] , [...] 7. [...] , [...] 8. 10 (N14) , [item lost] 9. 10 (N14) + 2 (N01)(?) , [item lost] 10. 6 (N01) , [item lost] 11. [...] , [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/12

Obverse 1. [...] 1 (unit) ... [...] 2. 1 (unit), NIM ... [...] 3. [...] 2 (units), black ... [...] 4. [...] ... AN ... [...] 5. 1 (unit), the house/storehouse(?) ... [...] 6. [...] ... [...] (rest of the fragment broken; the reverse is uninscribed as photographed)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/13

(Obverse; all cases broken at left) 1. [...] , [...] ... (illegible sign) 2. [...] , [...] NUNUZ (egg/roe?) — SANGA (temple administrator?) 3. [...] , [...] ... (illegible sign) 4. 3 (units) , [...] ... NI (oil/fat?) — small(?) 5. [...] , [...] (entirely lost) 6. [...] , [...] URU (settlement/city) (rest destroyed)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/14

Obverse 1. [...] , [...] 2. 2 (units): the storehouse (E2) — delivery (DU) — male workers (ERIM); 3. [...] : ... [...] 4. [...] : [...] TAK4 ... ...; 5. 1 (unit): [...]; 6. [...] : [...] ...; 7. 4 (units) [...] : the EN (lord/priest-ruler), TE [...]. (The reverse is uninscribed apart from faint traces; the rest of the obverse entries are broken away.)

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/15

1. [...] : wool, 2. 1 : garment, 3. 1 : linen, 4. 1 : [...], 5. 4 [...] : [...], 6. 2 : linen, 7. 1 [...] : 1 (unit) fine/female [BAR], 8. [...] : GIR3, the temple administrator (SANGA) [...], 9. [...] : [...] ... BAR(?) [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MS 2782/16

[...] , [...] [...] , [...] |LAGAB×SI| (uncertain reading) 3(N01) , honey/syrup (LAL2~a) — GI (reed-measure) 2(N01) , 4(N57) [ZATU759-sign] — storehouse (E2) 2(N01) , NI~a — small/TUR 1(N01) , ISZ~b — BU~a 1(N14) 3(N08) [...] , [...]

1 2 3 4…46