Chapter 07 · 911 – 609 BCE
Neo-Assyrian
Empire, library, terror, scholarship.

~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 044
“(1) Shalmaneser (III), vice-regent of the god Aššur, son of Ashurnasirpal (II), vice-regent of the god Aššur, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), (who was) also vice-regent of the god Aššur. (4) For his life and the well-being of his city, the wall and its gates, which previously (other) kings who came before me had built, had become dilapidated and, in their (text: “its”) entirety, I built (them) from its foundation(s) to its crest(s). I deposited my clay cone (therein). (10) May a future ruler, when the wall and its gates become dilapidated, rebuild (them). The gods Aššur and Adad will (then) listen to his prayers. May he return (my) clay cone to its place. (16) Ša-kināte, fourteenth day, eponymy of the twenty-third year of my reign, of Shalmaneser (III), king of Assyria.”
Source: Royal Inscriptions of Assyria online (RIAo), Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (MOCCI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; in association with the RINAP Project, University of Pennsylvania. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/riao/Q004649/
Read the full tablet entry~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 046
“(1) Shalmaneser (III), strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Ashurnasirpal (II), strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), (who was) also strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also strong king, king of the world, (and) king of Assyria. (5) At that time, the ancient Tabira Gate, which Aššur-dān (II), son of Tiglath-pileser (II), kings who came before me, had previously built, (that gate) had become dilapidated. I removed its dilapidated section(s), delineated its site, (and) reached its…”
Source: Royal Inscriptions of Assyria online (RIAo), Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (MOCCI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; in association with the RINAP Project, University of Pennsylvania. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/riao/Q004651/
Read the full tablet entry~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 047
“(1) Shalmaneser (III), king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Ashurnasirpal (II), king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), (who was) also king of Assyria. (4) At that time, the ancient Tabira Gate, which Aššur-dān (II), my ancestor, had previously built, had become dilapidated and I restored its dilapidated section(s). I built (it) from its foundations to its crenellations. (10) May a future ruler restore its dilapidated section(s) (and) return my inscription to its place. The gods Aššur and Nergal will (then) listen to his prayers.”
Source: Royal Inscriptions of Assyria online (RIAo), Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (MOCCI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; in association with the RINAP Project, University of Pennsylvania. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/riao/Q004652/
Read the full tablet entry~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 048
“(1) Shalmaneser (III), appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of the god Aššur, son of Ashurnasirpal (II), appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of the god Aššur, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), (who was) also vice-regent of (the god) Aššur. I built the Tabira Gate anew, together with the doors (and) walls of my city, Aššur.”
Source: Royal Inscriptions of Assyria online (RIAo), Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (MOCCI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; in association with the RINAP Project, University of Pennsylvania. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/riao/Q004653/
Read the full tablet entry~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 049
“(1) Shalmaneser (III), vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, son of Ashurnasirpal (II), vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), (who was) also vice-regent of (the god) Aššur. (2b) At that time, the temple of Šarrat-nipḫi, the great lady, my lady, which Tukultī-Ninurta (I), son of Shalmaneser (I), my ancestor, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, had previously built, had become dilapidated and I built (and) completed (it) from its foundations to its crenellations. I deposited my commemorative inscriptions (therein).”
Source: Royal Inscriptions of Assyria online (RIAo), Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (MOCCI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; in association with the RINAP Project, University of Pennsylvania. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/riao/Q004654/
Read the full tablet entry~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 050
“(1) Palace of Shalmaneser (III), appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, son of Ashurnasirpal (II), vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II) (who was) also vice-regent of (the god) Aššur: (3b) At that time, the temple of the goddess Šarrat-nipḫi, my lady, which Tukultī-Ninurta (I), my ancestor, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, had previously built, had become dilapidated and I, Shalmaneser (III), built (it) anew.”
Source: Royal Inscriptions of Assyria online (RIAo), Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (MOCCI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; in association with the RINAP Project, University of Pennsylvania. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/riao/Q004655/
Read the full tablet entry~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 051
“(1) Shalmaneser (III), king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Ashurnasirpal (II), king of the world, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), (who was) also king of Assyria. (3) At that time, the temple of the goddess Šarrat-nipḫi, my lady, which Tukultī-Ninurta (I), my ancestor, had previously built — (this temple) had become dilapidated and I, Shalmaneser (III), king of Assyria, built (it) anew.”
Source: Royal Inscriptions of Assyria online (RIAo), Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (MOCCI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; in association with the RINAP Project, University of Pennsylvania. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/riao/Q004656/
Read the full tablet entry~850 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses
Shalmaneser III 052
In plain English
Only scraps of this text survive, but they follow a familiar script. The opening names the king's ancestor Tukultī-Ninurta, called 'strong king.' Then comes the standard story: 'When the temple of the goddess Šarrat-nipḫi had fallen into disrepair, Shalmaneser...' — and here the text breaks off, though parallel copies tell us he rebuilt it. The last readable line refers again to 'that temple.' In modern terms: a royal press release recording that King Shalmaneser III restored a crumbling temple originally built by his forefather. The rest is lost.
AI-generated reading paraphrase; compare with the translation below.
“(line 1) [...] Tukultī-Ninurta (II), stro[ng] king, [...] (line 2) [... Wh]en the temple of the goddess Šarrat-[nipḫi ...] (line 3) [(...) had become dilapidated, and] Shalmaneser (III) [...] (line 4) [...] ... th[at] temple [...]”
Source: engine:claude-fable-5 (2026-07-12/v7-evolved) · claude-fable-5 · medium confidence
Read the full tablet entry