Akkadian Empire

Attests Gudea's construction of a temple to Ninkar at Niggin, expanding the documented roster of cultic building projects undertaken by Lagash's most prolific royal builder.

“(1) For Ninkar, the shining god on the sky, his master, Gudea, ruler of Lagaš, built his temple in Niĝin.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q003229/

“(1) For Ninĝirsu, the powerful warrior of Enlil, his master, Gudea, ruler of Lagaš, made an eternal thing appear: he built and restored his E-ninnu-anzud-babbar. (12) It is ... of the stela.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q004877/

Attests Gudea of Lagaš's restoration of Niĝin and construction of the E-sirara temple for Nanše, goddess of boundaries and justice — anchoring his building program to divine patronage over law and border administration.

“(o 1) For Nanše, the mighty lady, the lady of the boundaries, his lady, Gudea, ruler of Lagaš, made an eternal thing appear: he restored Niĝin, her beloved city, built the E-sirara, the mountain rising from among the houses, and built his beloved divine audience chamber from fragrant cedarwood inside it.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q005315/

“(1) Gudea, ruler of Lagaš: Geme-Šulpae is his spouse.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q005316/

“(1) Gudea, ruler of Lagaš: Ur-Šarura, child of Ur-Suen, is your servant.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q008903/

“(1) Gudea, ruler of Lagaš: Ur-Šarura, child of Ur-Suen, is your servant.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q008904/

“(1) Mani, the cupbearer of Gudea, child of Ur-Lamma.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q008905/

“(1) Lu-Dumuzid, descendant of Ur-Lamma, the cupbearer of Gudea.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q008906/