TJA FM 11

Translation · reference

Experimental

Source: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P315293.

Why it matters

Transliteration

_2(disz) sila4 niga_ a-ma-num
_2(disz) sila4 niga_ a-ku-ku-u2
_2(disz) masz2 du_
_szu ti-a_
a-bu-um-dingir
_ki# na#-bu#-ia-tum#_
_giri3#_ [in]-bi#-isz8-tar2#
_iti# sze-sag11#-ku5#_ [...]
_mu_ sa-am-su-i-lu-na _lugal u6 ki-tusz mah_ za-ba4-ba4

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)) — TJA FM 11. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (P315293) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P315293..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.