Position in chronology
Nik 1, 107
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P221876.
Transliteration
1(asz@c) la2 4(ban2@c) sze gub-ba gur saggal inim-en-lil2 1(asz@c) la2 4(ban2@c) sze gub-ba nin-gir2-su-lu2-mu 1(asz@c) 2(barig@c) 4(ban2@c) sze gub-ba ur-pu2 1(barig@c) sze ku3 masz-ba amar-ezem szu-nigin2 3(asz@c) 2(barig@c) 2(ban2@c) sze gub-ba gur saggal inim-en-lil2-la2-an-dab5 6(|ASZxDISZ@t|)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (ED IIIb (ca. 2500-2340 BC)) — Nik 1, 107. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation (P221876) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P221876..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.