All tablets.

Ashurbanipal 211

Hymns Nusku as supreme judge and divine fire who 'burns up evil ones' — preserving Sargonid theology in which the lamp-god's judicial and purifying roles underwrite royal legitimacy.

Ashurbanipal 212

Attests Ashurbanipal's devotion to the moon-god Sîn at Ḥarrān and his self-presentation as upholder of civic privileges — evidence of late Sargonid royal ideology binding northern cult centres to Assyrian kingship.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

Ashurbanipal 214

Hymn to Nusku as supreme judge and fire-god attests the Sargonid court's theological alignment of divine justice with the purifying power of flame, linking priestly, legal, and royal authority in a single dedicatory formula.

Ashurbanipal 215

Records Ashurbanipal's gilding of Marduk's canopy and chariot with thirty-four talents of gold — concrete evidence of Assyrian royal investment in Babylonian cult as a tool of political legitimation.

Ashurbanipal 216

Hymnic praise of a Sargonid king as cosmic mediator — one whose word cannot be changed and without whom no judgement is rendered — fusing royal ideology with the judicial authority of Šamaš.

Ashurbanipal 217

Ashurbanipal's account of sacking Elam (~646 BCE): the deliberate destruction of temples, secret groves, and royal tombs attests the ideological use of sacral desecration as a weapon of imperial subjugation.

Ashurbanipal 218

Fragmentary Sargonid royal inscription invoking a lineage from Shalmaneser III to Ashurbanipal: one of dozens of RINAP 5 witnesses reconstructing how late Assyrian kings crafted dynastic legitimacy in monumental text.

Ashurbanipal 219

Records Ashurbanipal's gold-clad renovation of Marduk's canopy and throne-dais in Babylon, documenting Assyrian investment in Babylonian cult as a deliberate tool of imperial legitimation.

Ashurbanipal 221

Preserves Ashurbanipal's petition to Šamaš, Adad, Nabû, and Marduk to designate his successor by divine oracle — direct evidence that late Sargonid succession was framed as a matter of celestial appointment, not dynastic right alone.

Ashurbanipal 222

Records Ashurbanipal's completion and gilding of Eḫursaggalkurkurra at Aššur, anchoring the temple's mid-7th-century renovation to a named Sargonid king and his building piety toward Marduk and Aššur alike.

Ashurbanipal 224

Ashurbanipal's hymnic praise of Marduk — invoking his mastery over the Igīgū and Anunnakū — attests Assyrian kings publicly venerating the chief Babylonian deity, a theological diplomacy central to their claim over the south.

Ashurbanipal 225

Catalogs Marduk's epithets — cosmic judge, holder of heaven's bond, destroyer of the wicked — showing how a 7th-century Assyrian king legitimized power by publicly honoring Babylon's chief god.

Ashurbanipal 226

Attests Ashurbanipal's direct-speech divine assurance — 'Do not fear, I myself will come to your aid' — the same royal-reassurance formula that recurs in Neo-Assyrian prophecies, linking monumental inscription to oracular tradition.

Ashurbanipal 227

Dedicatory hymn to Nergal at his cult-seat Emeslam in Cutha, preserving Sargonid royal theology of the plague-god as protector of the obedient king against disease and enemy armies.

Ashurbanipal 229

Claims Ashurbanipal personally mastered 'all of the scribal arts' — a rare royal self-presentation as literate scholar that underlies his systematic collection of texts at Nineveh.

Ashurbanipal 230

Records Ashurbanipal's restoration of Emeslam — the temple of Nergal at Cutha — including bricks molded in ebony and musukkanu-wood and scented with crushed aromatics: a concrete window into Sargonid sacred construction ritual.

Ashurbanipal 231

Equates Babylon with the zodiacal Crab constellation while describing Ashurbanipal's restoration of its tottering foundations — linking Assyrian royal ideology to celestial geography in a rare astro-theological framing of conquest and clemency.

Ashurbanipal 232

Asserts Ashurbanipal's personal mastery of the scribal arts as a divine gift — one of the clearest royal claims to literacy in the ancient Near East, legitimising his famous library-building programme at Nineveh.

Ashurbanipal 233

Claims Assyrian sovereignty over territory reached by a journey of 'one month and twenty days into the midst of the sea' — among the most expansive geographical boasts in the surviving Sargonid royal corpus.

Ashurbanipal 234

Chronicles Ashurbanipal's repeated installation and removal of Elamite client-kings — Ḫumban-nikaš II, Tammarītu, Ḫumban-ḫaltaš III — documenting Assyrian mechanisms for controlling Elam through dynastic manipulation rather than outright annexation.

Ashurbanipal 235

Records Ashurbanipal's sack of Susa and the return of the goddess Nanāya to Eanna after her long Elamite 'captivity' — linking military conquest to the restoration of Babylonian cult.

Ashurbanipal 236

Attests Nanāya, Uṣur-amāssa, and Urkayītu as divine guarantors of royal legitimacy at Uruk — preserving a local theological formula for kingship otherwise scarcely documented in Sargonid inscriptions.

Ashurbanipal 237

One of the composite royal inscriptions of Ashurbanipal preserved across multiple manuscript witnesses, attesting the Sargonid titulary 'king of Sumer and Akkad' as a living ideological claim to Babylonian sovereignty.

Ashurbanipal 238

Records Ashurbanipal's military intervention against a ruler of Qirbit who refused submission — one of the few inscriptions attesting Assyrian punitive campaigns into the Kassite borderlands during his reign.

Ashurbanipal 239

Preserves Ashurbanipal's three-generation dynastic lineage — son of Esarhaddon, grandson of Sennacherib — a formulaic claim that anchored Sargonid legitimacy in royal inscriptions of the mid-seventh century BCE.

Ashurbanipal 240

Names Urtaku and Ummanigaš — the Elamite king and his brother whose rivalry Assyria exploited — placing this inscription among the direct royal accounts of Ashurbanipal's Elamite campaigns.

SAA 14 001. Milki-nuri Buys the Village of Nabu-šezib (668-VI-19) (ADD 0472)

(1) [Seal of ...]kiki, [......, own]er of the village being sold. (cylinder seal impression) (3) [The villa]ge of Nabû-šezib in its entirety [including] its [fi]elds, inclu[ding] its orchards, [and including] its [people] in the centre of the city of Ak[... adjoining the vill]age of Bahayu, [adjoining the vill]age of Tabal[ayu], [adjoining the vill]age of [...]ute, [adjoining the vill]age of Lu-ahhe, [and adjoining the village] of Dakanâ and [the vil]lage of Zarutî — (12) Milki-nuri, eunuch of the queen, [has contracted] and bou[ght it for x] minas of silver. (14) [The money] is paid…

SAA 14 002. Milki-nuri Buys the Village of Bahaya (666-XII-19) (ADD 0627)

(1) Seal of Atar-ili, team commander, owner of the village being sold. (cylinder seal impression) (3) The village of Bahaya in its entirety including its fields and 1 farmer with his people in the district of Lahiru — (6) Milki-nuri, [eunuch of] the queen, [has contracted and bought it from A]tar-ili [for x minas of silver (by the mina) of] Carchemish. (10) [The money] is paid [comple]tely. [That village is purchased and] acquired. [Any revocation, lawsuit] or litigation [is void]. (Break) (r 1) [Witness NN, ...]. (r 2) [Witness NN], chief tai[lor]. (r 3) [Witness ...]-uṣur, treasurer. (r 4)…

SAA 14 003. Milki-nuri Buys Ten Slaves (ADD 0727)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [NN, ...]..., [NN], a total of 2 sons, [NN], her daughter, (4) [... a to]tal of 10 persons — (5) [M]ilki-nuri, [eunuch of] the queen, [has contracted and bo]ught them [for x min]as of silver [by the mina of the king]. (r 2) The money [is paid completely. That] house, land, and people are [purcha]sed and acquired. [Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation] is void. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 004. Milki-nuri Buys Five Slaves (ADD 0287)

(1) Seal of Nabuti, owner of the people being sold. (stamp seal impressions) (3) [...-ah]he-balliṭ, his wife, [...]-ibni, Bel-šarru-ibni, (and) [...]ši, a total of 5 persons — (6) Milki-nuri, [eun]uch of the queen, [has contracted and (bought) them] (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 005. Milki-nuri Buys Six Slaves (ADD 0316)

(Beginning destroyed) (stamp seal impressions) (1) [NN (and)] Šamaš-ila'i, his son of 4 spa[ns], (2) [NN (and)] Usiya, (his) son of 3 spans, (3) [...]-Issar, a weaned child, (and) Ba'assi, [his] daughter, (4) [a total of 6] persons, servants [of] Marduk-remanni — (6) [Mi]lki-nuri, eunuch of the queen, has contracted and [bought them fr]om Marduk-remann[i for] 2 minas and 10 shekels of [silver]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 006. Milki-nuri Buys Land and People (ADD 0452)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [..., his] wife, [NN], gardener — (3) [Milki]-nuri, eunuch [of the que]en [has contracted and bought them] from Na'id-Aššur and [from Qur]di-Issar-lamur [for x minas of sil]ver by the mina of the king. (7) [The money] is paid [com]pletely. That [land and peo]ple are purchased [and acquired]. Any revocation, lawsuit or litigation is void. (r 3) [Whoever in the fu]ture, at any time, lodges a complaint, [whether the]se [men] or their sons [or their grandsons or] any relative of theirs [or ...]... (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 007. Milki-nuri Buys [...] (ADD 0494)

(Beginning destroyed) (r 1) and seeks [a la]wsuit or liti[gation aga]inst Milki-nuri and [his] son[s], (r 4) shall return the money tenfold to its owners. He shall contest in his lawsuit and not succeed. (r 7) [Wi]tness Lit-il, cohort commander of the chariot fighters of the queen. (r 9) [Witness ...]e'i, 'third man' of [...]. (r 10) [Witness Qur]di-Nergal, commande[r of (mounted) sc]outs. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 008. Zarpi, Manageress, Buys a Woman (668-V-27) (ADD 0208)

(1) Seal of Mannu-ki-A[rbail], owner of his sister being so[ld]. (stamp seal impressions) (3) Bililutu, sister of Mannu-ki-Arbail — (5) Zarpî, the harem manageress, has contracted and bou[ght] her for 1/2 mina of silver (by the mina of) Carchemish from Mannu-ki-Arbail. (8) The money is paid completely. That woman is purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (11) Whoever in the future, at any time, lodges a complaint, whether Mannu-ki-Arbail or his sons, and seeks a lawsuit or litigation against Zarpî, (15) shall place 10 minas of silver (and) one mina of go[ld]…

SAA 14 009. Manageress of the Central City Buys a Slave (668-I-22) (ADD 0190)

(1) Seal of Ibašši-ilan[i, ...], owner of the man being so[ld]. (cylinder seal impression) (3) [L]u-šakin, servant [of] Ibašši-ilan[i] — (5) the harem m[anageress of the ce]ntral city (harem) of Nineveh [has contract]ed and [bo]ught him [for x min]as of silver by the mina [of Carchemish]. (8) The mone[y (is paid) completely]. (Break) (r 1) [Witness NN]. Witness [NN]. (r 2) [Witness NN]. Witness Nabû-[...]. (r 3) [Witness NN]. Witness Abu-duri, [...]. (r 4) [Witness Tab]ala[yu]. (r 5) [Witness ...]i. Witness Mannu-ki-Ar[bail]. (r 6) [Witness ...]-dur-beli'a. (r 7) [Witness ...]-šarru-uṣur. Witn…

SAA 14 011. The Lady Sinqi-Issar Receives a Slave Woman Instead of Silver (654-II-14) (ADD 0076)

(1) Instead of the silver, Belet-isse'a, maid of the harem manageress, shall serve Sinqi-Issar for life. (7) Month Iyyar (II), 14th day, eponym year of Aššur-naṣir. (r 1) Witness Nabû-šezibanni. (r 2) Witness Aššur-eṭiranni. (r 3) Witness Yamani. (r 4) Witness Šar-Issar. (r 5) Witness Isanayu.

SAA 14 012. Manageress Buys Two Slaves (ADD 0267)

(Beginning destroyed) (2) [owner] of the wom[en being sold]. (seal impression) (3) Banitu-ter[eš and NN], in all 2 persons belonging to [NN] and Paqa-a[na-...] — (6) [NN], the harem manageress of [...], has contracted and [bought] them for 50 sh[ekels of silver]. (9) The money [is paid completely]. (Break) (r 1) [Witne]ss [NN]. (r 2) Witness Šulm[u-...]. (r 3) Witness Aššur-ma[...]. (r 4) Witness Urdu-Aya, [...]. (r 5) Witness Mudab[irayu]. (r 6) Witness Isana[yu]. (r 7) Witness Nabû-šarru-uṣur, [...]. (r 8) Witness Mudammiq-Aššur, [...]. (r 9) Witness Šar-Issar, [...]. (r 10) Witness Iqbi-ilu…

SAA 14 013. Manageress of Assur Buys a Slave (650) (ADD 0206)

(1) Seal of Belet-uṣalla, owner of the man being sol[d]. (stamp seal impressions) (3) [...-er]eš, servant [of Belet]-uṣalla — (5) [the harem m]anageress [of ... of the cit]y of Assur [has contracted and bought him for x shek]els of silver. (8) [The mone]y [is paid] completely. That [man is purchased and acquired]. Any revocation, [lawsuit, or litig]ation is void. (12) [Whoever in the f]uture, at any time, [whether Belet-u]ṣalla or his sons [or his grandsons] or (his) brothers [or any relat]ive of his [lodges a compl]aint or breaks the contract, and [se]eks [a lawsuit or litigation against the…

SAA 14 014. Manageress of Assur Buys a Woman (ADD 0209)

(1) [Sea]l of Ahu'a-eriba, [overseer of the household of] the land of Barha[lza, owner] of the woman being sold. (stamp seal impressions) (4) Abi-lihiya, the maid of Ahu'a-eriba, overseer of the household — (6) the harem manageress of the city of Assur has contracted and bought her for half mina and 5 shek[els of silver]. (8) The mone[y] is paid [completely]. T[hat] woman is purchased and ac[quired]. Any revocation, lawsu[it, or litigation] is void. (12) Whoever [in the future], at any time, lodges a com[plaint] and breaks the contract, whet[her Ahu'a-eriba] or his master, and seeks a…

SAA 14 015. Court Decision on Behalf of Ninuayu, the King’s Eunuch (*641-VII-13) (ADD 0105)

(1) [Seal of Bel-šarru]-uṣur, ša šēpi guard. (2) [Lawsuit which] Ninuayu, [the king's eunuch], brought [agai]nst [Bel]-šarru-uṣur [on ac]count of his servants. (stamp seal impression) (5) On the new moon day of month Sivan (III) Bel-šarru-uṣur did not bring Ahu-eriba and Adad-šumu-iddina, his sureties, and did not hand them over to Ninuayu, the king's eunuch. (10) His silver was lost. (11) If he brings his sureties and hands them over to Ninuayu, Ninuayu will pay 30 shekels of silver to Bel-šarru-uṣur, the ša šēpi guard. (r 2) Or if he (Bel-šarru-uṣur) is seen with La-teggi-ana-Issar, he…

SAA 14 016. Ninuayu Buys Slaves (*639-X-18) (ADD 0250)

(1) Seal of Hudayu, son of Muṣurayu, [...], owner of the people being sold. (stamp seal impressions) (3) [Il-h]azi (and) Ahati-ṭabat, his mother, [in all 2 persons, servant]s of Hudayu — (5) Ninuayu, eunuch of the king, [has contracted and bought them for x mi]nas of silver from Hudayu. (7) [The money is p]aid completel[y]. [Those] pe[ople (are purchased and acquired)] (Break) (r 1) Witness Issar-tariba, [...]. (r 2) Month Tebet (X), 18th day, eponym year of Mušallim-Aššur. (r 4) Witness Marduk-zeru-ibni, scribe. (Aramaic caption: [D]eed of Il-haz[i and his mother].)

SAA 14 017. Ninuayu Buys a Woman (*633-II-14) (ADD 0214)

(Beginning destroyed) (stamp seal impressions) (2) [...]mali, his maid — (3) Ninuayu, eunuch the king, [has contract]ed and bought her for 35 shekels of silver from Yamani. (6) The money is paid completely. That woman is purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (9) Whoever in the future, at any time, lodges a complaint and breaks the contract, [whether Ya]mani or his sons [or his brothers, and seeks a l]awsuit or litigation (Break) (r 1) [(shall place x minas of silver)] in the lap of [DN], and shall return the money tenfold to its owner. He shall contest in his…

SAA 14 018. Ninuayu Buys a Slave (ADD 0182)

(1) [S]eal of Isbuṭu, son of Musallamu, gardener of the palace, owner of the man being sold. (seal impressions) (3) Šamaš-ila'i, bought slave, servant [o]f Isbuṭu, gardener of the palace — (5) Ninuayu, eunuch of the king, has contracted and [bou]ght him [for] one mina of silver by (the mina) of Carchemish. (7) The money is paid completely. That [man] is purchased and acquired. Any revocation, [la]wsuit, or litigation is void. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 019. Ninuayu Buys Two Slaves (ADD 0249)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) Asalluhi-hutnu, Addî, his brother, in all 2 persons, servants of Hudaya — (5) Ninuayu, eunuch of the king, has contracted and bought them for one mina and 30 shekels of silver by the mina of Carchemish from Hudaya. (10) The money is paid completely. Those [people] are purch[ased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsui]t, or lit[igation] is [v]oid. (14) Whoev[er in the future], or at any time, breaks the contract, whether Hudaya or his sons (or) his grandsons, and seeks a lawsuit or litigation against Ninuayu, (r 6) shall place 10 minas of silver (and) 2 minas of gold in…

SAA 14 020. Ninuayu Buys Three Slaves (ADD 0254)

(Beginning destroyed) (stamp seal impressions) (1) Mullissu-ummi, his maid (and) his 2 sons, in all 3 persons — (3) Ninuayu, eunuch of the king, has contracted and bought the people from Abdî for half mina of [silver] by the copper mina. (8) The money is paid [completely]. Those people are purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or [l]itigation is void. (r 1) [Whoe]ver breaks the contract, shall give [x] minas of silver to redeem the [people]. (r 4) [Witness] Abdi-Se. (r 5) Witness Šamaš-killanni. (r 6) Witness Nabû-šallim. (r 7) Witness Nabû-takilka-šatbi. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 021. Ninuayu Buys Slaves (ADD 0260)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [in all x] persons, [servants of A]rbayu— (3) Ninuayu, eunuch of the king, [has contract]ed and bought them [for x] minas of silver by the mina of Carchemish from Arbayu. (6) The money is paid completely. Those people are purchased and acqu[ir]ed. Any revocation, lawsuit, or lit[igat]ion is void. (9) Whoever in the f[utu]re, at any time, lod[ge]s a complaint and breaks the contract, whether A[rba]yu or his brothers, or his nephews, or any relative of his, and seeks a lawsuit or litigation against [Ni]nuayu, [and his brothers], and his nephews, (16) shall pla[ce] 10…

SAA 14 022. Ninuayu Buys Land and People (ADD 0505)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [(NN has contracted and) bo]ught from Nabû-[...]. (3) The mon[ey is paid completely]. [That field] and people [are acquired and purchas]ed. (Break) (r 1) [whether] Na[bû-...] or his sons [se]eks [a lawsuit or litigation against] Ninua[yu, and his brothers] (r 4) [saying "..]... ...[..."], (r 6) [shall give x] mina of gold t[o ...] (r 7) [and shall return] the money [tenfold to its owner]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 023. Bel-duri Lends Barley and an Ox (658-VI-18) (ADD 0152)

(1) 32 homers and 5 seahs of barley and one wagon-ox belonging to the crown prince, under the control of Bel-duri, governor of the crown prince, at the disposal of Nargî of the town Balaṭu. (6) In lieu of the barley and in lieu of the ox, he shall serve Bel-duri. (8) Whenever someone brings the barley and the oxen, he shall redeem the man. (r 1) Witness Aššur-šarru-uṣur, royal bodyguard from Balaṭu. (r 3) Witness Aššur-le'i. Witness Aššur-re'ûšunu from Balaṭu. (r 4) Witness Urdu-Issar. (r 5) Witness Bel-abu-uṣur. Witness Ki-Mama, from Naṣibina. (r 6) Witness Bel-Harran-abu-uṣur, from Balaṭu. (…

SAA 14 024. Luqu, Cohort Commander of the Crown Prince, Buys Women (659-II) (ADD 0233)

(1) Seal of [NN], seal of [NN], son of Hazi-[...], owner(s) of the wom[en being sold]. (stamp seal impressions) (5) Hambusu, [thei]r ma[id], and her daughter, upon the house [...] — (7) Luq[u], cohort commander of the crown pri[nce], has contracted and bought them for one mina and 8 shekels of silver. (10) The money is paid completely. Those women are purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (14) Whoever in the future, at any time, lodges a complaint and breaks the contract, whether these men or their sons or their brothers, and seeks a lawsuit or litigation…

SAA 14 025. Luqu Lends Silver (*648) (ADD 0111)

(1) [x mi]nas of silver [belonging to] Luqu, [at the disposal] of Dannî. (4) It shall increase [by a four]th. (5) [Month ...], 4(th) day, [eponym year of] Belš[unu]. (r 1) [Witness Na]bû-[...]. (r 2) [Witness ...]ayu. (r 3) [Witness Qu]rdi-Adad. (r 4) [Witness Š]umma-Ya'u. (r 5) [Witness] La-teggi-ana-Issar.