Chapter 05 · 2000 – 1600 BCE

Old Babylonian

Hammurabi, the Epic of Gilgamesh, mathematics.

Illustration: A teacher and apprentice working with clay tablets in a Babylonian courtyard
A Babylonian scribal school, around 1750 BCE.

~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Lipit-Eštar 2002

“(1) Lipit-Eštar, the powerful king, king of his land: Iddin-Dagan-waqar, the ešabda official, child of Nanna-isag, is your servant.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q001968/

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~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Lipit-Eštar 2003 / CDLI Seals 012214 (CDLI Seals 012214 (composite))

“(1) Lipit-Eštar, the powerful king, king of Urim: ..., the scribe, child of Lu-Inana, is your servant.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q001969/

Read the full tablet entry

~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Lipit-Eštar 2004 / CDLI Seals 012216 (CDLI Seals 012216 (composite))

“(1) Lipit-Eštar, the powerful king, ....”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q001970/

Read the full tablet entry

~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Sin-magir 2001 / CDLI Seals 002462 (CDLI Seals 002462 (physical))

“(1) Iddin-damu, the chief builder, child of Iaya, is the servant of Enki and Sin-magir.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q002002/

Read the full tablet entry

~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Sin-magir 2002 / CDLI Seals 002551 and 009452

“(1) Imgur-Sin, the temple administrator, child of Sin-iddinam, is the servant of Sin-magir.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q002003/

Read the full tablet entry

~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Sin-magir 2003 / CDLI Seals 012218 (CDLI Seals 012218 (composite))

“(1) Ana-damu-taklaku, child of Adata, is the servant of Sin-magir.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q002004/

Read the full tablet entry

~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Šu-ilišu 1

“(1) When Šu-ilišu, the powerful man, king of Urim, brought home (the statue of) Nanna from Anšan to Urim, then for Nanna, the most outstanding among the Anuna gods, his master, he built the Dublamah, his place of rendering judgement. He installed for him a decorated two-wing door, and dedicated it to him for his well-being. (19) Whoever gives order to perform a misdeed against this (door), transfers it to a storehouse, or makes another man raise his hand against it on account of this curse, may Nanna, my master, and Ningal, my lady, curse him!”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q001934/

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~1925 BCE · Reconstructed composite — see ORACC entry for manuscript witnesses

Šu-ilišu 2001 / CDLI Seals 012211 (CDLI Seals 012211 (composite))

“(1) Šu-ilišu, the powerful king, king of his land: ..., the scribe, the child of Lu-balasaga.”

Source: Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), University of Vienna, edited by Gábor Zólyomi et al. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/Q001938/

Read the full tablet entry