Position in chronology
SAA 04 269. Query Concerning Ahseri, King of Mannea (AGS 024) [military and political]
Translation · reference
High confidence(1) [Šamaš, great lord], give me [a firm positive answer to what I am asking you]! (2) [......] and the Cimmerian troops (3) [......] set up camp (4) [......] against Ahseri (5) [......] his camp (6) [......? Does your great divinity] know it? (7) [Is it decreed and confirmed in a favorable case, by the command of your gr]eat [divinity, Šamaš, great lord? Will he who can se]e, see i[t? Will he who can hear, hear it]? (Break) (r 2) Be present [in this ram, pl]ace (in it) [a firm positive answer, favorable designs], favorable, propitious [ome]ns [by the oracular command of your great divinity], and may I see (them). (r 5) [May] (this query) [g]o [to your great divinity, O Šamaš, great lord], and may an oracle be given as an answer.
Source: Starr, I. 1990. Queries to the Sungod: Divination and Politics in Sargonid Assyria. SAA 4. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa04/P237372/
Why it matters
Transliteration
[dUTU EN GAL-ú šá a-šal-lu-ka an-na GI.NA] a-pal-an-ni / [x x x x x x x x x x x x x x] ù LÚ.ERIM-MEŠ gi-mir-ra-a.a / [x x x x x x x x x x x x x x] ma-dak-tu šak-nù / [x x x x x x x x x x x x x i]-⸢na⸣ UGU maḫ-se-ri / [x x x x x x x x x x x x x x] ma-dak-ti-šú / [x x x x x x x x x DINGIR-ti-ka GAL-ti] ZU-⸢e⸣ / [i-na SILIM-tim i-na KA DINGIR-ti-ka] ⸢GAL⸣-ti / [dUTU EN GAL-ú qa-bi-i ku-un IGI]-⸢ru⸣…
Scholarly note
Extispicy query addressed to Šamaš, the sungod and patron of divination, edited by Ivan Starr (SAA 4, 1990). The king asks the deity to render a yes/no verdict on a political or military question. ORACC text P237372.
Attribution
Image: Adapted from Ivan Starr, Queries to the Sungod: Divination and Politics in Sargonid Assyria (State Archives of Assyria, 4), 1990. Lemmatised by Mikko Luukko, 2018, as part of the research programme of the Alexander von Humboldt Chair in the Ancient History of the Near and Middle East at LMU Munich (Karen Radner, Humboldt Professorship 2015). The annotated edition is released under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license 3.0. Please cite this page as http://oracc.org/saao/P237372/..
Translation excerpted from Starr, I. 1990. Queries to the Sungod: Divination and Politics in Sargonid Assyria. SAA 4. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa04/P237372/.
Related tablets
Related sources
The single most important literary discovery of the 19th century. It rewired the understanding of the Bible's literary context and proved that the Mesopotamian flood tradition is older. It is the oldest surviving epic poetry in human history.
The literary tradition is no longer anonymous from this point. Authorship — the idea that a specific human voice composes a specific work — enters the historical record with her.
The single most influential Mesopotamian king list — the model for every later attempt to chronicle the deep history of the region. It transmits the political theology of divinely granted kingship, an idea that would echo through Babylon, Assyria, and into the Hebrew Bible. The Weld-Blundell prism (WB 444) at the Ashmolean is the most complete surviving copy.