Position in chronology
SAA 04 111. Should a Man Named on Papyrus be Sent against ...? (AGS 047) [military and political]
Translation — scholar edition
SAA 4(1) Šamaš, great lord, [give me a firm positive answer] to what I am asking you! (2) Esarhaddon, king of Assyria, who is n[ow intent on sending the person] whose name is written [in this papyrus and placed] before [your great] divinity, [against the cities of ...], and [(whom) your great divinity knows] — (5) in accordance with the command of your gre[at] divinity, [Šamaš, great lord, and your favorable decisions], should the subject of this query, [Esarhaddon, king of Assyria, strive and plan, and send ...] against the cities of [...? Is it pleasing to your great divinity]? (8) If he, having…
State Archives of Assyria, volume 4 — scholar edition (ORACC).
Transliteration
dUTU EN GAL-ú šá a-šal-lu-ka [an-na GI.NA a-pal-an-ni] / mAN.ŠÁR—ŠEŠ—SUM-na LUGAL KUR—AN.ŠÁR šá ⸢TA⸣-[an-ni LÚ šá i-na ni-ʾa-a-ra an-na-a] / MU-šú šaṭ-ru-ma ina IGI DINGIR-ti-[ka GAL-ti GAR-un UGU URU-MEŠ šá x x x x] / ana KIN-šú-ma ti-iṣ-mu-ru-ma [DINGIR-ut-ka GAL-ti ZU-u] / GIM KA DINGIR-ti-ka ⸢GAL-ti⸣ [dUTU EN GAL-ú EŠ.BAR-ka šal-mu] / EN—MU.MU NE-i m[AN.ŠÁR—ŠEŠ—SUM-na LUGAL KUR—AN.ŠÁR…
Scholarly note
Extispicy query addressed to Šamaš, the sungod and patron of divination, edited by Ivan Starr (SAA 4, 1990). The king asks the deity to render a yes/no verdict on a political or military question. ORACC text P240393.
Attribution
Image: Adapted from Ivan Starr, Queries to the Sungod: Divination and Politics in Sargonid Assyria (State Archives of Assyria, 4), 1990. Lemmatised by Mikko Luukko, 2018, as part of the research programme of the Alexander von Humboldt Chair in the Ancient History of the Near and Middle East at LMU Munich (Karen Radner, Humboldt Professorship 2015). The annotated edition is released under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license 3.0. Please cite this page as http://oracc.org/saao/P240393/..
Translation excerpted from Starr, I. 1990. Queries to the Sungod: Divination and Politics in Sargonid Assyria. SAA 4. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa04/P240393/.
Related tablets
Related sources
The single most important literary discovery of the 19th century. It rewired the understanding of the Bible's literary context and proved that the Mesopotamian flood tradition is older. It is the oldest surviving epic poetry in human history.
The literary tradition is no longer anonymous from this point. Authorship — the idea that a specific human voice composes a specific work — enters the historical record with her.
The single most influential Mesopotamian king list — the model for every later attempt to chronicle the deep history of the region. It transmits the political theology of divinely granted kingship, an idea that would echo through Babylon, Assyria, and into the Hebrew Bible. The Weld-Blundell prism (WB 444) at the Ashmolean is the most complete surviving copy.