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~885 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Tukulti-Ninurta II 17

(1) Palace of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), king [of ..., son of Adad]-nārārī (II), king of [Assyria, ...]

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 001

(i 1) To the god Ninurta, the strong, the almighty, the exalted, foremost among the gods, the splendid (and) perfect warrior whose attack in battle is unequalled, the eldest son who commands battle (skills), offspring of the god Nudimmud, warrior of the Igīgū gods, the capable, ruler of the gods, offspring of Ekur, the one who holds the bond of heaven (and) netherworld, the one who opens springs, the one who walks the wide netherworld, the god without whom no decisions are taken in heaven and netherworld, the swift, the ferocious, the one whose command is unalterable, foremost in the (four)…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 002

Preserves Ashurnasirpal II's titulary in full — the layered chain of divine election, genealogy, and universal kingship that legitimised Neo-Assyrian imperial ideology in the 9th century BCE.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 003

(1) To the god Ninurta, the strong, the almighty, the exalted, foremost among the gods, the splendid (and) perfect warrior whose attack in battle is unequalled, the eldest son who commands battle (skills), offspring of the god Nudimmud, warrior of the Igīgū gods, the capable, ruler of the gods, offspring of Ekur, the one who holds the bond of heaven (and) netherworld, the one who opens springs, the one who walks the wide netherworld, the god without whom no decisions are taken in heaven and netherworld, the swift, the ferocious, the one whose command is unalterable, foremost in the (four)…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 004

(1') son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also king of the world (and) king of Assyria. (2'b) For my life, so that my days might be long, my years be many, (for) the well-being of my seed (and) my land, (for) the safekeeping of my vice-regal [throne], (for) abundance in my city, (for) the increase of my people, (for) the thriving of my people in Assyria, [for the scorching of] my enemies, for the destruction of my [dangerous foes], to [subdue] under me rulers who oppose me;

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 009

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), gre[at] king, strong [kin]g, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), [(who was) also] great king, strong king, king of the world (and) king of [Assyria].

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 017

(i 1) (The god) Aššur, the great lord, king of all the great gods; the god Anu, foremost in strength, the one who decrees destinies; the god Ea, king of the apsû, lord of wisdom (and) understanding; the god Sîn, wise one, lord of the lunar disk, lofty luminary; the god Marduk, sage, lord god of oracles; the god Adad, strong, almighty among the gods, exalted; the god Ninurta, hero, warrior of the gods, the one who lays low the wicked; the god Nusku, bearer of the holy scepter, circumspect god; the goddess Mullissu, spouse of the god Enlil, mother of the great gods; the god Nergal, perfect one,…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 018

(1') [In my accession year (and) in my first regnal year, after] I sat on [the throne of my royal majesty] in a grandiose manner, I mus[tered (my) chariot]ry (and) [extensiv]e troops. I [co]nquered inaccessible fortresses round about. I rec[eived] a tribute of horses from the land Gilzānu. ... [Because] horses were not (continually) brought in hither to me I [became angry and] marched to the cities Ḫarira (and) Ḫalḫalauš, which (were under the authority) of the guilty rulers. Those I conquered in the eponymy of Ashurnasirpal (II) (882) . I took out their property, booty, possessions, (and)…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 019

(1) The deities Aššur, Adad, Sîn and Šamaš, (and) Ištar, the great gods who go at the head of my troops. (5) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; (the one who) acts with the support of the gods Aššur (and) Šamaš, the great gods, my lords, and has no rival among the rulers of the (10) four quarters (of the world); attentive ruler, subduer of all of the rulers, fearless in battle, ferocious dragon, the one who breaks up the forces of the rebellious, strong gišginû, who treads upon the necks of the rulers who are insubmissive to him, mighty flood-tide…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 020

(1) [(The god) Aššur, the great lord, king of] all of the [great] gods; [the god Anu, king of the Ig]īgū and [Anunnakū gods; (lord of the lands,) the god Enlil], exalted one, father of the gods, [(creator of all); the god E]a, king of the [apsû, lord of wisdom (and) understanding; the god Sîn], wise one, king of the lunar disk, [lofty luminary; the god Adad], the exceptionally strong, [lord of abundance; the god Ša]maš, judge of heaven [and netherworld, commander of all; the god] Marduk, sage, [lord] god [of oracles; the god Ninurta], warrior of the Igīgū and [Anunnakū gods; the god] Nergal,…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 021

(1') [...] … [...] troops [...] … [... I] brought them down [... I inflicted] upon them a major defeat. [(...) I carried off ...] their [possessions (and)] their flocks. [As for] their combat troops, [I cut off] their hands [... (x)] 200 of their fighting men [... I] destroyed [...]. (6') [...] I received [the pay]ment of the kings of lands (and) mountains. Irbibu [... of the city ...ḫ]āni, which was his fortified city, [...] trusted [in his own strength] and rebelled against me. By the command of (the god) Aš[šur, my lord, I marched against him (and)] besieged him. Around his city he had dug…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 022

(1') which from the time of [...] the statue with the name of Tiglath-pil[eser (I) …] I marched [to the N]aʾiri [lands. I conquered] the city Barzaništu[(un) ... I carried off] their [property], possessions, oxen, sheep, [... (and)] turned (it) into a mound of ruins (lit. “a mound and ruins”). The heads of [their] warriors [I cut off ...] of the Naʾiri lands, horses, mules, [...] … I burned with fire. I destroyed, devastated, (and) [turned (it) into] a mound [of ruins (lit. “a mound and ruins”)]. (8') [...] the city Tillê rebelled [... t]hey stationed [a garrison at ...]. They stati[oned a…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 023

One of the standard titulary inscriptions of Ashurnasirpal II, tracing his legitimacy through three generations of Assyrian kings and anchoring royal authority in a chain of divine election by Aššur, Enlil, Ninurta, Anu, and Dagān.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 024

(1') See Ashurnasirpal II 023 lines 7-8.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 026

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; the valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and who has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world); marvelous shepherd, fearless in battle, mighty flood-tide which has no opponent, the king who subdues those insubordinate to him, who rules all of the peoples, strong male, who…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 028

(i 1) To the goddess Šarrat-nipḫi, great lady, foremost in heaven (and) netherworld, queen of all of the gods, the strong one whose weighty command is respected [in the temples], whose form is surpassing among the goddesses, shining countenance who like the god Šamaš, her sibling, thoroughly inspects the circumference of heaven (and) [netherworld], most capable of the Anunnakū gods, offspring of the god Anu, supreme among the gods, counsellor of her brothers, leader, the one who stirs up the seas (and) shakes the mountains, heroine of the Igīgū gods, lady of conflict and battle, without whom…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 029

(1') the compassionate [god to whom it is good to pray ...]; (2') [Ashurnasirpal (II)], unrivalled king [of the world, king of all the four quarters (of the world), sun(god) of all people, chosen of the gods Enlil and] Ninurta, beloved of [the gods Anu (and) Dagān, destructive weapon of the great gods, the pious], beloved of your heart, ruler, [your favorite, whose priesthood is pleasing to your great divinity (and)] whose reign you established, [valiant] man [...] shepherdship of his land ... [...] my [kingship], my dominion, (and) my power which [...] I am capable, I am wise, [...]. (9')…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 030

(1) Palace of Ashurnasirpal (II), vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, chosen of the gods Enlil and Ninurta, beloved of the gods Anu and Dagān, destructive weapon of the great gods, strong king, king of the world, [king of] Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, (and) king of Assyria; the valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and who has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world); marvelous shepherd,…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 031

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; the valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and who has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world); marvelous shepherd, fearless in battle, mighty flood-tide which has no opponent, the king who made (the territory stretching) from the opposite bank of the Tigris River to…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 032

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world and king of Assyria; the valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and who has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world); the king who made (the territory stretching) from the opposite bank of the Tigris River to Mount Lebanon and the Great Sea, the land Lāqê in its entirety, (and) the land…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 033

Claims Assyrian dominion from Carchemish through the Euphrates lands of Lāqê, Sūḫu, and Rapiqu — pinning the westward reach of Ashurnasirpal II's campaigns to specific named territories in the mid-ninth century BCE.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 034

(1) Palace of Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, and king of Assyria; the valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and who has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world), the king who subdued (the territory stretching) from the opposite bank of the Tigris River to Mount Lebanon and the Great Sea, the land Lāqê, in its entirety,…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 035

Titles Ashurnasirpal II as 'king of the world' and 'marvelous shepherd' in a three-generation dynastic chain, showing how Neo-Assyrian royal ideology fused cosmic dominion with divine mandate in official palace inscriptions.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 036

(1') [The god Ninurta, the lord of judgment and destruction] and (the god) Aššur, the great lord, [... will (then) listen to his prayers. May they establish] copious abundance in [his] land; (and) may they make him achieve success [in wars with kings on the battlefield]. (4'b) As for the one who erases my inscription and [writes] his (own) name [or] removes my commemorative inscription, [throws (it)] into water [(,...)], may the god Ninurta, the lord of judgment and destruction, (and) the god Aššur, [the great lord], overthrow [his kingship], take away from him his throne, [make him sit] in bondage before his [enemies, establish in his land distress, famine, (and) hunger, (and) make] his name (and) his seed [disappear] from the land.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 038

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; the valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and who has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world), the king who subdued (the territory stretching) from the opposite bank of the Tigris River to Mount Lebanon and the Great Sea, the land Lāqê in its entirety, (and) the land…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 039

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, (and) king of Assyria, conqueror from the opposite bank of the Tigris River as far as Mount Lebanon and the Great Sea, he made all of the lands from east to west bow down at his feet.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 040

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, king of all of the four quarters (of the world), sun(god) of [all of] the people, ruler, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, the valiant man who acts with the support of the gods Aššur and Šamaš and who has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world), who treads upon the mountain peaks in all of the mountains, subduer of those insubmissive to (the god) Aššur to the borders above and below, who marches about on mountain paths, (5) who has seen remote and rugged regions, magnificent king of lands,…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 041

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also appointee of the god Enlil (and) vice-regent of (the god) Aššur: (3b) conqueror from the opposite bank of the Tigris River to Mount Lebanon and the Great Sea [of] the land Amurru in the west, (who) has conquered the land Ḫatti in its entirety; [(I am the one who) have gained dominion over] (the region stretching) from the source of the Subnat River [to the land Urume, the wide [Naʾiri] lands. [...] … [...]

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 042

(1) Palace of Ashurnasir[pal (II), strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II)], strong king, king of [the world, king of Assyria], son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also king of the world (and) king of Assyria: (2b) conqueror from [the opposite bank of the Tigris River] to Mount Lebanon and the Great Sea of the land Amurru [in the west], (who) has conquered the land Ḫatti [in its entirety; (I am the one who) have gained dominion over] (the region stretching) from the source of the S[ubnat Riv]er [to the land Urume (and) the wi]d[e] Naʾiri lands, in to [their…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 043

(1') No translation warranted.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 044

(1') No translation warranted.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 045

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, king of all the four quarters (of the world), ruler of all of the lands, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also strong king, king of the world, (and) king of Assyria: (13) (As for) the temple of the goddess [Ištar], my lady, I built (and) completed (it) from its foundation(s) to its crenellations. (20) [May] a future ruler [restore its] dilapidated section(s).

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 046

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), strong king, [..., king of As]syria, chosen of your father — the god Enlil, whose commands [are unalterable — ... He (the king) has trod] difficult paths, mighty mountain chains [...] and he has conquered all those insubmissive to him [...]. (4b - 5) [...] …, the temple of the goddess Ištar, [... its] dilapida[ted section(s) …]

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 047

Opens with the full Assyrian divine council — Aššur, Enlil, Ea, Adad, Šamaš — granting Ashurnasirpal II his kingship, illustrating how 9th-century Assyrian royal ideology fused theology with conquest legitimacy.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 048

Attests Ashurnasirpal II's invocation of the storm-god Adad as divine enforcer of a royal decree, linking Neo-Assyrian kingship ideology to divine sanction for legal or cultic obligations.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 049

(o 1) [Ashur]nasirpal (II), strong king, king [...], unrivalled king of the world, [...], the attentive ruler who [...] heaven (and) netherworld, [...] those insubmissive to him [...], exalted priest, [...] the deities Aššur (and) Adad [...] whose priesthood in [the temples they established forever ...], [(...)] shepherd [...] (r 1') [...] ... [...] may [a future ruler] restore [its dilapidated section(s) (and) restore my] inscribed name [to its place]. The gods Aššur (and) Adad, [the great] lords, [(...) will (then) listen to his prayers]. (r 7') As for the one who erases my inscription [and writes his (own) name, ... may the deities Aššur, Adad, (and)] Ištar, the great gods [...].

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 050

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world), the king who subdued (the territory stretching) from the opposite bank of the Tigris River to Mount Lebanon and the Great Sea, the land Lāqê, in its entirety, (and) the land Sūḫu,…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 051

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; valiant man who acts with the support of (the god) Aššur, his lord, and has no rival among the rulers of the four quarters (of the world), marvelous shepherd, fearless in battle, mighty flood-tide which has no opponent, the king who subdues those insubordinate to him, who rules all peoples, the strong male who treads upon…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 052

(1') conqueror [from the passes of land Ḫabr]uri to the land Gilzā[nu]; I [conquered from the source of] the Subnat River to [the land Šubr]ia (and) the interior of the land Nirbu; I subdued the land Lāqê, to its [fu]ll extent, (and) the land Sūḫu, including the city Rapiqu; [I brought] within the boundaries [of my land] (the territory stretching) from the passes of Mount Babi[te] to land Ḫašmar, the land Zamua, in [its] entirety, [from] the opposite bank of the Lower Zab [to] Tīl-Abāri, which is upstream from the land Z[abban, to Tīl-ša]-Abtāni and Tīl-ša-Za[bdāni; the cities Ḫiri]mmu (and)…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 053

(1) Palace of Ashurnasirpal (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Tukultī-Ninurta (II), king of the world, king of Assyria, son of Adad-nārārī (II), (who was) also king of the world (and) king of Assyria; conqueror of the Naʾiri lands, to their (text: its) full extent, from the passes of the land Ḫabruri to the land Gilzānu; he conquered from the source of the Subnat River to the land Šubria; I brought within the boundaries of my land (the territory stretching) from the opposite bank of the Tigris River to the land Ḫatti, the land Lāqê, in its entirety,…

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 055

Dedicates conquered wealth to the god Ninurta, linking Ashurnasirpal II's western campaigns to the theological claim that Assyrian expansion fulfilled divine will — a cornerstone of Neo-Assyrian royal ideology.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 056

Preserves the full titulary of Ashurnasirpal II — sun-king, world-trampler, chosen of Enlil and Ninurta — encoding the theological and imperial ideology that legitimised Neo-Assyrian expansion in the 9th century BCE.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 057

Records Ashurnasirpal II's restoration of the Emašmaš temple at Nineveh, situating him within a chain of vice-regents stretching back to Šamšī-Adad and linking royal piety to political legitimacy.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 058

(1') No translation warranted.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 062

One of the corpus of Ashurnasirpal II's royal inscriptions preserved in the RIAo/ORACC edition, attesting the formulaic self-presentation of a 9th-century Assyrian king.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 063

One of the surviving royal inscriptions of Ashurnasirpal II, preserved in the RIAo corpus as a witness to the formulaic self-presentation of 9th-century Assyrian kingship.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 064

One of the surviving royal inscriptions of Ashurnasirpal II, the corpus of which collectively documents the territorial expansion and ideological self-presentation of the early Neo-Assyrian Empire.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 065

(1') No translation warranted.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 066

Attests Ashurnasirpal II's full titulary and three-generation dynastic genealogy back to Adad-nārārī II, anchoring the ideological framework by which Sargonid kings legitimized conquest through divine appointment and hereditary authority.

LawMythology
~875 BCE·Neo-AssyrianRIAo

Ashurnasirpal II 067

(1) Ashurnasirpal (II), appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, [son of Tukultī-Ni]nurta (II), appointee of the god Enlil, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, son of [Adad-nārārī (II), appointee of the god En]lil, vice-regent of (the god) Aššur, (4) the one who conquered (everything) from [(...)] the slopes of the mountains of the Lullumê, the interior of the land Ḫabḫu, the land Zamua, (and) the land Ḫašmar, a[ll of them, to the land Amu]rru, Mount Amanus, and Mount Lebanon, as far as the Great Sea; [I counted (all of this territory) as within the boundar](ies) of m[y] land.…

LawMythology