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Mythology Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

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Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

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Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

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Page 49 / 52

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The message of Lu-dingira to his mother

Royal courier, start the journey! I want to send you to Nibru -- deliver this message! You are going on a long journey. My mother is worried, she cannot sleep (1 ms. has instead: is too (?) ...... to sleep). Although the way to her (1 ms. has instead: the closed) woman's domain is blocked, deliver my letter of greeting into her hands, as she keeps asking (1 ms. has instead: and then she will not keep asking) the travellers (1 ms. has instead: wayfarers) about my well-being. Then my mother will be delighted, and will treat you most kindly (?) for it. In case you should not recognise my mother,…

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The poem of early rulers

up to 5 lines missing ...... is not made ....... ...... those men were overthrown. ...... the king? He reigned 36,000 years! ...... the king, the one who ascended to heaven? ...... he who, like Zi-ud-sura, tried to find life? ...... he who was honoured and then seized? ...... was not rivalled in the Land? ...... the kings, the leaders of former days? ......, have they not been born? ...... can my hand reach them? ...... no one knows it. ...... is like the twinkling of an eye. Who would consider ...... without cheerfulness to be superior to death? 36,000 years of silence ...... just one day of happiness. Having been given ...... the gods, life was sought for ....... ...... the share of mankind, ...... live in the house of the young men.

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The return of Ninurta to Nibru

Page created like An, O son of Enlil, Ninurta, created like Enlil, born by Nintud, mightiest of the Anuna gods, who came forth from the mountain range, imbued with terrible awesomeness, son of Enlil, confident in his strength, my sovereign, you are magnificent -- let your magnificence therefore be praised. Ninurta, you are magnificent -- let your magnificence therefore be praised. Sovereign of all the lands, in your massive might, warrior of Enlil, in your great might, fierce warrior, you have taken up the divine powers which are like heaven, son of Enlil, you have taken up the divine powers which are like the earth, you have taken up the divine powers of the mountains, which are heavy as heaven, you have taken up the divine powers of Eridug, which are huge as the earth.

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The Sargon legend

To ...... the sanctuary like a cargo-ship; to...... its great furnaces; to see that its canals ...... waters of joy, to see that the hoes till the arable tracts and that ...... the fields; to turn the house of Kic, which was like a haunted town, into a living settlement again -- its king, shepherd Ur-Zababa, rose like Utu over the house of Kic. An and Enlil, however, authoritatively (?) decided (?) by their holy command to alter his term of reigning and to remove the prosperity of the palace. Then Sargon -- his city was the city of ......, his father was La'ibum, his mother ......., Sargon ...... with happy heart. Since he was born ....... unknown number of lines missing

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The shumunda grass

The abba instructed, the abba instructed: When the rain rained, when walls were demolished, when it rained potsherds and fireballs, when one person confronted another defiantly, when there was copulation -- he also copulated, when there was kissing -- he also kissed. When the rain said: "I will rain," when the wall said: "I will rain (scribal error for 'demolish' ?)", when the flood said: "I will sweep everything away" -- Heaven impregnated (?), Earth gave birth, she gave birth also to the cumunda grass. Earth gave birth, Heaven impregnated (?), she gave birth also to the cumunda grass. His…

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The song of the hoe

Not only did the lord make the world appear in its correct form -- the lord who never changes the destinies which he determines: Enlil, who will make the human seed of the Land come forth (3 mss. have instead: up) from the earth (2 other mss. have instead: chamber) -- and not only did he hasten to separate heaven from earth, and hasten to separate earth from heaven, but, in order to make it possible for humans to grow in 'Where Flesh Came Forth' (2 mss. have instead: 'Where Flesh Grew') [the name of a cosmic location], he first suspended (2 mss. have instead: raised) the axis of the world at Dur-an-ki.

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The song of the lettuce: a balbale to Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana E): composite text

He has sprouted, he has burgeoned, he is well-watered lettuce, my shaded garden of the desert, richly flourishing, his mother's favourite (1 ms. has instead:) he is well-watered lettuce; my grain lovely in beauty in its furrows, he is well-watered lettuce; my first-class fruitful apple tree, he is well-watered lettuce. The honey man, the honey man will make me sweet; my lord, the honey man of a goddess, his mother's favourite, whose hands are honey, whose feet are honey, will make me sweet, whose limbs are honey-sweet, will make me sweet. Navel! My altogether immediately sweet, my favourite of his mother! Beautiful thighs, raised arms! My ......, he is well-watered lettuce.

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The song of the ploughing oxen

ellu mallu! Go, oxen, go, put your necks under the yoke! Go, ...... oxen, go, put your necks under the yoke! I am ...... of the country. I am ...... of Enlil. I am ...... of the Land. ellu mallu! 6 lines fragmentary or missing And now, may the mother ...... with me; and now, may Nance ...... with me. May she put bread in my leather bag, may she pour water into my waterskin. May she stand by for me ....... May she say to me, "Farmer, eat the bread!", may she say to me, "Farmer, drink the water!" ellu mallu! In the temple he lay down to dream with Nance. He said good night (?) to Nance. He had…

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The Sumerian king list

After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. Alaljar ruled for 36000 years. 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years. Then Eridug fell and the kingship was taken to Bad-tibira. In Bad-tibira, En-men-lu-ana ruled for 43200 years. En-men-gal-ana ruled for 28800 years. Dumuzid, the shepherd, ruled for 36000 years. 3 kings; they ruled for 108000 years. Then Bad-tibira fell (?) and the kingship was taken to Larag. In Larag, En-sipad-zid-ana ruled for 28800 years. 1 king; he ruled for 28800 years. Then Larag fell (?) and…

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The tale of Gudam

Gudam ...... the city. unknown no. of lines missing Gudam ....... Gudam ....... Inana ....... Gudam ...... within Unug ....... He ...... the storehouse ....... Gudam ...... the beer, ...... the wine, ...... the bronze vessels, ...... the bronze vessels ....... unknown no. of lines missing They filled the bronze vessels to the brim. He made the tilimda vessels shine like the holy barge, ...... fine chickpea flour, bearded carp ....... ......, he ...... fish like dates. Many followed Gudam on the streets of Unug. They sat armed before him. Her = Inana's (?) singer ...... came out to ...... the forceful king, and looked at the troops. The singer met him with a song, ...... string with his hand:

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

The temple hymns

O E-unir (House which is a ziqqurat), grown together with heaven and earth, foundation of heaven and earth, great banqueting hall of Eridug! Abzu, shrine erected for its prince, E-dul-kug (House which is the holy mound) where pure food is eaten, watered by the prince's pure canal, mountain, pure place cleansed with the potash plant, abzu, your tigi drums belong to the divine powers. Your great ...... wall is in good repair. Light does not enter your meeting-place where the god dwells, the great assembly-room, the assembly-room, the beautiful place. Your tightly constructed house is sacred and…

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

Three ox-drivers from Adab

There were three friends, citizens of Adab, who fell into a dispute with each other, and sought justice. They deliberated the matter with many words, and went before the king. "Our king! We are ox-drivers. The ox belongs to one man, the cow belongs to one man, and the waggon belongs to one man. We became thirsty and had no water. We said to the owner of the ox, "If you were to fetch some water, then we could drink!". And he said, "What if my ox is devoured by a lion? I will not leave my ox!". We said to the owner of the cow, "If you were to fetch some water, then we could drink!". And he…

Mythology

~1800 BCE·Old BabylonianETCSL

Ur-Namma the canal-digger (Ur-Namma D)

Who will dig it? Who will dig it? Who will dig the Asilal-kug canal? Who will dig the Pabi-luh canal? ...... Ur-Namma will dig it. ...... will dig it. ......, ...... Acimbabbar you are on your ...... because of Enlil. The watercourse of ...... is full of fish, and the air above is full of birds. The fresh water of ...... is full of fish, the air above is full of birds. ...... honey-plants are planted, and the carp grow fat. ...... honey-plants are planted, and the carp grow fat. The gizi reed of ...... is so sweet that the fish eat them. The gizi reed of ...... is so sweet that the fish eat them. Since my ...... was founded, it is teeming with fish and birds. Since ...... was founded, it is teeming with fish and birds.

The message of Lu-dingira to his mother

The poem of early rulers

The return of Ninurta to Nibru

The Sargon legend

The shumunda grass

The song of the hoe

The song of the lettuce: a balbale to Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana E): composite text

The song of the ploughing oxen

The Sumerian king list

The tale of Gudam

The temple hymns

Three ox-drivers from Adab

Ur-Namma the canal-digger (Ur-Namma D)

Astronomical cuneiform tablet - AD 61

British Museum Flood Tablet 1

Cuneiform legal tablet in case from Aleppo

Cuneiform tablet- account concerning payments for offering, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 395

Cuneiform tablet- account, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 106

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley and date disbursements, Ebabbar archive MET ME1973 25 4

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley as agricultural dues, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 236

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley deliveries, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 212

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley deliveries, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 331

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley disbursement, Ebabbar archive MET vs86 11 424

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley disbursements, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 100

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley disbursements, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 332

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley disbursements to prebendaries, Ebabbar archive MET vs86 11 199

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley disbursements to prebendary bakers, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 120

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley disbursements to prebendary brewers, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 205

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 396

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley for bird-fodder, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 228

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley issue for a prebendary, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 235

Cuneiform tablet- account of barley payments, Ebabbar archive MET ME07 154 4

Cuneiform tablet- account of blanket delivery, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 221

Cuneiform tablet- account of bread issues to personnel, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 127

Cuneiform tablet- account of commodity allocations, Ebabbar archive MET vs86 11 415

Cuneiform tablet- account of commodity disbursements to prebendaries, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 82

Cuneiform tablet- account of commodity issue, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 338

Cuneiform tablet- account of date disbursements for prebendary brewers and bakers, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 220

Cuneiform tablet- account of date disbursements to prebendary brewers, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 317

Cuneiform tablet- account of dates as imittu-rent, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 114

Cuneiform tablet- account of dates as imittu-rent, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 229

Cuneiform tablet- account of dates as imittu-rent, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 69

Cuneiform tablet- account of dates as imittu-rent, Ebabbar archive MET vszx.706.2

Cuneiform tablet- account of dates as imittu-rent with sissinnu-payments, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 68

Cuneiform tablet- account of dates for imittu-rent, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 226

Cuneiform tablet- account of dates for imittu-rent with sissinnu-payments, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 63

Cuneiform tablet- account of delivery of animals for offering, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 66

Cuneiform tablet- account of delivery of dates for prebendaries, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 88

Cuneiform tablet- account of delivery of field rent, Ebabbar archive MET vs86.11.502

Cuneiform tablet- account of delivery of halilu-tools, Ebabbar archive MET ME86 11 233